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Unit 6 American Revolution

Unit 6 American Revolution. I. Declaring Independence A. Paine’s Common Sense convinced many colonists they need their own gov’t . B. Declaration of Independence was the best propaganda for war. C. Choosing Sides 1. Americans Patriots (40% of population) Yankees

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Unit 6 American Revolution

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  1. Unit 6 American Revolution

  2. I. Declaring Independence A. Paine’s Common Sense convinced many colonists they need their own gov’t. B. Declaration of Independence was the best propaganda for war

  3. C. Choosing Sides • 1. Americans • Patriots (40% of population) • Yankees • Minutemen & local militias • Continentals

  4. 2. British • British Redcoats • Hessian mercenaries • Loyalists (20-30%)

  5. 3. Others groups, not mentioned in Declaration: • Women (Abigail Adams tried to get • women included, Molly Pitcher and • Deborah Sampson fought, others • helped in any way they could) • African Americans fought for both • sides (British promised them freedom) • Native Americans mostly helped • British

  6. II. Struggle for Liberty • A. Strengths and Weaknesses • 1. Americans • Homeland advantage • Cause they believed in • European allies • Poorly trained and equipped • Small navy • 2. British • Well-trained, well-equipped • Large Navy • Had to cross ocean • Used Mercenaries

  7. B. Defeats and Victories • 1. Canada: Americans failed to invade & make it our 14th colony • 2. Lost New York City (right after Dec. was signed) • 3. Won New Jersey • Won at Trenton & • Princeton • Paine’s The Crisis • convinced soldiers • to re-enlist 4. Big win at Saratoga * Turning Point

  8. C. Help from Europe 1. Individuals: LaFayette & Von Steuben 2. B. Franklin (& Saratoga) convinced France to send Rochambeau and army, DeGrasse and navy 3. Galvez (Spanish governor of Louisiana)

  9. D. Winter at Valley Forge (1777-1778) • 1. Brutal winter conditions, little food, • few supplies (some even barefoot) • 2,000 died of disease and starvation 2. Von Steuben turned army into well- trained soldiers

  10. E. War at Sea and in the west 1. Americans started Marines, built warships and adapted merchant vessels, then seized British supply fort in Bahamas 2. John Paul Jones (I have not yet begun to fight!) used donated French ship (Bonhomme Richard) to defeat British warship (Serapis)

  11. 3. George Rogers Clark volunteered to raise an army to attack British forts in Ohio River Valley • Fort Kaskaskia • Led to American claims west to Mississippi River

  12. III. Independence A. War in the South 1. British took the war to Georgia (more Loyalists there) 2. Gates screwed up in the Carolinas 3. Swamp Fox Marion used guerilla tacticsto successfully disrupt British supply lines

  13. B. Yorktown, VA 1781 1. British Cornwallis took troops to Yorktown peninsula hoping for help from navy 2. Washington got Rochambeau and French army to trap British from the west 3. French navy trapped British from east, effectively ending war

  14. C. Treaty of Paris, 1783 1. Britain recognized United States as an independent country 2. Set borders (Mississippi River to west, St. Lawrence River and Great Lakes to north, Florida to Spain)

  15. TIMELINE 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 Declaration of Independence Signed Trenton, men re-enlist Saratoga, France and Spain enter war Winter at Valley Forge Yorktown Treaty of Paris

  16. Battle Chart Directions: Find the next 2 blank pages (across from each other) in your notebook Copy the “Battles” (off to the right) down the entire length of the page (about 4 or 5 lines for each battle) Make 6 headings at the top of the 2 pages, 3 on one page, 3 on the next page: State, Date, Am. Leader and 3 headings to the right of the fold Br. Leader, Winner, Importance

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