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Electromagetic Spectrum

EM Spectrum

meganhatton
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Electromagetic Spectrum

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  1. Chapter 22 Section 2 The Electromagnetic Spectrum

  2. Electromagnetic Spectrum • The entire range of EM waves • divided into regions according to the length of the waves

  3. Radio Waves • have some of the longest wavelengths and the lowest frequencies of all EM waves • wavelengths longer than 30 cm

  4. Radio Waves • used for broadcasting radio and TV signals • Changing amplitude or frequency of a wave is called modulation • AM -“amplitude modulation” • FM -“frequency modulation” • AM waves have longer wavelengths than FM waves • FM waves are less affected by electrical noise

  5. Why is FM used more often than AM?

  6. Microwaves • shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than radio waves • wavelengths between 1 mm and 30 cm

  7. Microwaves • used to send information over long distances • Cellular phones, Satellites, radar • Radar (radio detection and ranging) is used to detect the speed and location of objects

  8. Infrared Waves • shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than microwaves • wavelengths vary between 700 nanometers (nm) and 1 mm

  9. Infrared Waves • Almost everything give off infrared waves • The amount of infrared waves an object emits depends on the object’s temperature • Warmer objects give off more infrared waves than cooler objects

  10. Visible Light • wavelengths between 400 nm and 700 nm • Visible to the human eye • The visible light from the sun is white light • White light is visible light of all wavelengths combined

  11. Colors of Light ROY G. BiV

  12. Why can we see rainbows after a rainstorm?

  13. Ultraviolet Light • shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies than visible light • wavelengths vary between 60 nm and 400 nm • produced by the sun

  14. UV Effects Good Bad can cause: sunburn skin cancer wrinkles damage the eyes • UV lamps are used to kill bacteria on: • food • surgical tools • Small amounts are beneficial to your body by causing skin cells to produce vitamin D

  15. X Rays • wavelengths between 0.001 nm and 60 nm. • can pass through many materials, making them useful in the medical field • too much exposure to X rays can damage or kill living cells

  16. Why can to much x ray exposure be harmful?

  17. Gamma Rays • wavelengths shorter than 0.1 nm • penetrate most materials easily • treat some forms of cancer • used to kill harmful bacteria in meat and fresh fruits

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