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Implications of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control for the Traffic Flow

Implications of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control for the Traffic Flow. A Simulation Based Analysis. Axel Wolfermann, Stephan Müller. Research at the DLR Institute of Transport Research. analysis of the Transport Demand in private and commercial transport

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Implications of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control for the Traffic Flow

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  1. Implications of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Controlfor the Traffic Flow A Simulation Based Analysis Axel Wolfermann, Stephan Müller Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  2. Research at theDLR Institute of Transport Research • analysis of the Transport Demand in private and commercial transport • Model-Based Analysis of the impacts of technical, organisational and political transport related measures • development and assessment of Future Scenarios Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  3. Agenda Motivation IntroductionCooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) MethodologySimulation basedassessment ResultsImpact of CACC on Traffic Flow Discussion Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  4. Motivation GoodsTransport on theroadisattractive......whentheroadsare not congested Capacity improvements Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  5. Cooperation Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) Source: ATZonline Source: Promote Chauffeur Source: Promote Chauffeur Source: IMA, RWTH Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  6. Generell Mode of Operation of CACC • Trucks drivingconnected in a platoon • Leadingvehicleisdrivenmanually, followersaresteeredfullyautomated • Upto 7 vehiclescanbecoupled Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  7. Research on CACC • USA • CaliforniaPATH • Europe • PROMOTE CHAUFFEUR I/II 1996-2003 • Demonstration of Technical Feasibility • SARTRE (Safe Road Trains for Environment) 2009-2012 • Germany • EFAS (Szenarios of Deployment of Driver Assistance Systems in Goods Traffic) 2001-2002 • MFG (Preparing Measures for practical Deployment of Driver Assistance Systems in Goods Traffic) 2003-2004 • KONVOI 2005-2008 • fieldtests in real trafficflow Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  8. Research on CACC – Viability Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  9. Research on CACC – Impacts  Source: Bonnet, Chr. ; Fritz, H.: Fuel Consumption Reduction Experienced by Two PROMOTE-CHAUFFEUR Trucks in Electronic Towbar Operation. In: 7th World Congress Conference on ITS, 2000 Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  10. Research on CACC – Impacts    Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  11. Research on CACC – Impacts    ? Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  12. Impact of CACC on thecapacity Methodology Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  13. Outline • Question:Impact oflinkedroadtrains on thecapacity in relationtopenetration rate, numberoftrucks etc.? • Microscopictrafficflowsimulation(VISSIM)withoutandwithequippedtrucks • Szenarios • motorway, nointersections, threelanes, one-way, slope of 1 % • varying… • traffic volume • number of trucks • share of CACC-equipped trucks Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  14. Special View on implemented CACC-Trucks • Lenghtdistributionoftrucksbased on real data • Only Trailer-Trucks and Drawbar Combination Trucks are equipped(~80 % of all trucks on motorway) • Number of trucks in platoon uniformly distributed • A very long trucksimulatestheplatoon • Distance betweenvehiclesdx = 10m Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  15. Calibration of VISSIM • Fitting of q-v-curves (notrucks, 20 % trucks, 10 % trucks) • benchmark: HBS (German HCM) • subsequent modeltuningbydriverbehavior (manyparameters) Parameter of free riding Parameter of approximation Parameter of following Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  16. Calibration Process: Notrucks q-k q-v Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  17. Calibration Process: 20% trucks q-k q-v Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  18. Calibration Process: 10 % trucks for validation q-k q-v Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  19. Impact of CACC on thecapacity Results Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  20. Results of the simulation • Effects on Traffic Flow with 50 % CACC-equipped Trucks CACC hasa significant effect on traffic flow 10 % trucks (50 % CACC) 20 % trucks (50 % CACC) Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  21. Results in Detail • upto 6 % highercapacity(trafficvolumeat breakdown speed) • insignificant effects for low penetration rate 10 % trucks 20 % trucks high CACC share low high CACC share low car speed (km/h) traffic volume (veh/h) traffic volume (veh/h) Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  22. Discussion Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  23. Conclusion • Positive impact on capacityquantified(~5 % for 50 % penetration rate)based on realisticvehicle mix • high penetration rate of CACC requiredforsignificantoverallimpact on capacity • Tothe positive effectsof CACC • Fuel Saving • Safety wecanadd • Capacity Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  24. Outlook • quantitative results can be used to calibrate (macroscopic) models • effect of coupling and decoupling yet to be incorporated • extension to different vehicle types (passenger cars) possible Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

  25. Thank You Very Much For Your Attention! Dipl.-Ing. Stephan Müller Dr.-Ing. Axel Wolfermann German Aerospace Center (DLR) stephan.mueller@dlr.de axel.wolfermann@dlr.de Implications of CACC on Traffic Flow :> Müller, Wolfermann > 4th ECITL Thessaloniki >13th October 2011

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