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Complex Systems for Systems Engineering

Complex Systems for Systems Engineering. Sarah Sheard. Agenda. Systems of systems Characteristics of complex systems Three examples of systems that are complex systems Principles for systems engineers. 5. Complex adaptive systems (nonlinear, multi-agent, evolving, emergent...).

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Complex Systems for Systems Engineering

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  1. Complex Systems for Systems Engineering Sarah Sheard

  2. Agenda • Systems of systems • Characteristics of complex systems • Three examples of systems that are complex systems • Principles for systems engineers

  3. 5. Complex adaptive systems(nonlinear, multi-agent, evolving, emergent...) 1. Typical SE SOS: (Maier* SOS) 4. Enterprises: Bigger than SOS (Note: Many other definitions of enterprise!) 1. Operational Independence 2. Managerial Independence 3. Evolving 4. Emergent Behavior 5. Geographic Dispersion 3a. DOD SOS(CJCSI 3170.01E) (e.g., combat aircraft: SOS cannot operate with loss of major subsystems) *Also called Maier/Sage/Cuppan 2. Typical Computer Science SOSInter-networked Computers 3b. DOD FOSFamily of Systems (e.g., set of systems to help track moving targets) Systems of Systems Definitions DOD= Department of Defense SOS=System of Systems

  4. Characteristics of Complex Systems • Many autonomous components cooperating because it benefits each • Emergent macro-level behavior • Non-deterministic • Self-organizing (decrease in entropy) • Structure and behavior not deducible from characteristics of the parts • nonlinear dynamics, chaos, far from equilibrium • Adapt to environment as evolve

  5. National Airspace System Components: Airports, navigation aids, air traffic control Emergent behavior: Approach queues, holding patterns, weather backups Self-organization: Business/coach fare structures; back-to-back ticketing Structure (VFR/IFR routes, hubs, financial arrangements) not deducible from airplanes and companies Adaptation: Security, purchase of airplanes, environmental airports Three Examples of Complex Systems (1 of 2)

  6. Members (individual and company) Handbook, certification Boards, committees, WGs Structure not tied to human structure Change member fees, add member types, add regional conferences Company SE Process Activities, artifacts Managing to metrics Policies, processes, procedures Approval structures and inter-action of processes not tied to process specifics Add various types of tailoring; reduce less effective processes Three Examples of Complex Systems (2 of 2)

  7. Learn complex systems Mental models: Biological analogs, Operations same as development, Test in actual operations, local action/global consequences, Build on success Consciously design environment Encourage redundancy and competition: Improve innovation rate, Allow rice bowls 4 approaches: Top-down design, Bottom-up simulation, Analogy and mimicry, Interactive evolution Principles for Systems Engineers

  8. Contact Information Sarah Sheard, Principal Third Millennium Systems LLC sheard@3MilSys.com (703) 757-7644 cell: (703) 994-7284 location: Northern Virginia

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