The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography 10 th Edition Classroom Response System Questions Chapter 1

2. The Cultural Landscape: An Introduction to Human Geography10th EditionClassroom Response SystemQuestionsChapter 10

3. 10-01 Complete the following analogy. Subsistence agriculture is to shifting cultivation as commercial agriculture is to: • dairy farming. • pastoral nomadism. • plantation farming. • swidden cultivation. • wet-rice farming.

4. 10-01 Complete the following analogy. Subsistence agriculture is to shifting cultivation as commercial agriculture is to: • dairy farming. • pastoral nomadism. • plantation farming. • swidden cultivation. • wet-rice farming. Explanation: Dairy farming is one of six types of commercial agriculture found in MDCs.

5. 10-02 Complete the following analogy. Subsistence agriculture is to labor intensive as commercial agriculture is to: • capital intensive. • driving intensive. • mentally intensive. • nature intensive. • worker intensive.

6. 10-02 Complete the following analogy. Subsistence agriculture is to labor intensive as commercial agriculture is to: • capital intensive. • driving intensive. • mentally intensive. • nature intensive. • worker intensive. Explanation: Commercial agriculture relies on fewer workers and more machinery to produce food for market.

7. 10-02

8. 10-03 Shifting cultivation is most common: • in the interior region of Australia. • in more developed countries. • in humid continental climates. • in close proximity to large cities. • within 20 degrees latitude of the equator.

9. 10-03 Shifting cultivation is most common: • in the interior region of Australia. • in more developed countries. • in humid continental climates. • in close proximity to large cities. • within 20 degrees latitude of the equator. Explanation: Proponents of shifting cultivation argue that it is the better-suited to the tropics than other forms of agriculture.

10. 10-03

11. 10-04 According to von Thünen, which of the following crops will be grown closest to a city? • butter • cheese • meat • milk • lumber

12. 10-04 According to von Thünen, which of the following crops will be grown closest to a city? • butter • cheese • meat • milk • lumber Explanation: Because it spoils quickly, milk is more expensive to transport to market than the other crops in this list.

13. 10-04

14. 10-05 Which of the following is the longest fallow period? • Forest fallow • Bush fallow • Short fallow • Annual cropping • Multicropping

15. 10-05 Which of the following is the longest fallow period? • Forest fallow • Bush fallow • Short fallow • Annual cropping • Multicropping Explanation: Boserup identified five stages in the intensification of farmland, each with a shorter fallow period.

16. 10-06 Compared to other grains, wheat: • is of less economic importance. • cannot be stored as long. • grows less well in humid continental climates. • is grown almost exclusively in LDCs. • is the world’s leading export crop.

17. 10-06 Compared to other grains, wheat: • is of less economic importance. • cannot be stored as long. • grows less well in humid continental climates. • is grown almost exclusively in LDCs. • is the world’s leading export crop. Explanation: The U.S. and Canada account for half of the world’s wheat exports.

18. 10-06

19. 10-07 Ranching has declined in the western United States primarily because: • growing crops is a more profitable use of land. • infectious diseases have killed herds. • the federal government prohibits cattle on public land. • dietary and ethical concerns have lessened the appeal of meat. • widespread water shortages limit the number of animals per acre.

20. 10-07 Ranching has declined in the western United States primarily because: • growing crops is a more profitable use of land. • infectious diseases have killed herds. • the federal government prohibits cattle on public land. • dietary and ethical concerns have lessened the appeal of meat. • widespread water shortages limit the number of animals per acre. Explanation: Widespread irrigation and hardier varieties of crops have replaced cattle.

21. 10-08 The most fundamental shared aspect of regions that practice Mediterranean agriculture is: • a longstanding tradition of wine production. • a willingness to experiment with new crops. • similar climate conditions. • close proximity to the Mediterranean Sea. • shared use of Romance languages.

22. 10-08 The most fundamental shared aspect of regions that practice Mediterranean agriculture is: • a longstanding tradition of wine production. • a willingness to experiment with new crops. • similar climate conditions. • close proximity to the Mediterranean Sea. • shared use of Romance languages. Explanation: Generally located on the western shores of landmasses, prevailing winds and ocean currents provide moisture and moderate winters.

23. 10-08

24. 10-09 According to the von Thünen model, which of the following factors is least important to a farmer when deciding which crops to grow? • Distance to market • Transportation cost per kilometer • Yield per acre • Price per bushel • Nutritional value of the crop

25. 10-09 According to the von Thünen model, which of the following factors is least important to a farmer when deciding which crops to grow? • Distance to market • Transportation cost per kilometer • Yield per acre • Price per bushel • Nutritional value of the crop Explanation: In choosing a crop, commercial farms consider both the value of a commodity and the cost of transporting it to market.

26. 10-09

27. 10-10 Which of the following areas is least affected by desertification? • North Africa • American Southwest • Central Australia • Central Europe • Southwestern Asia

28. 10-10 Which of the following areas is least affected by desertification? • North Africa • American Southwest • Central Australia • Central Europe • Southwestern Asia Explanation: Semiarid land degradation is one of the factors that limits the amount of land available for agricultural expansion.

29. 10-10

30. 11-01 Complete the following analogy concerning industrial areas. The Mohawk Valley is to the United States as: • the Central Industrial district is to the United States. • Kuznetsk is to East Asia. • Middle Atlantic is to United Kingdom. • Silesia is to Eastern Europe. • Volga is to Western Europe.

31. 11-01 Complete the following analogy concerning industrial areas. The Mohawk Valley is to the United States as: • the Central Industrial district is to the United States. • Kuznetsk is to East Asia. • Middle Atlantic is to United Kingdom. • Silesia is to Eastern Europe. • Volga is to Western Europe. Explanation: Although industry is located worldwide, the four major industrial regions account for the majority of the globe’s manufacturing.

32. 11-02 Which of the following is an example of a site consideration when locating an industry? • The industry in question is bulk-reducing. • The manufacturing process is bulk-gaining. • The product is perishable. • The manufacturing process is labor intensive. • The product will be shipped a long distance.

33. 11-02 Which of the following is an example of a site consideration when locating an industry? • The industry in question is bulk-reducing. • The manufacturing process is bulk-gaining. • The product is perishable. • The manufacturing process is labor intensive. • The product will be shipped a long distance. Explanation: The cost of the three main site factors—land, labor, and capital—vary among places. Globally, labor is the most important site factor.

34. 11-03 Industrialization in the United States began in: • the Midwest. • New England. • New York. • Pennsylvania. • the South.

35. 11-03 Industrialization in the United States began in: • the Midwest. • New England. • New York. • Pennsylvania. • the South. Explanation: Early New England factories produced textiles for sale in Europe.

36. 11-04 Beer brewing is: • a bulk-gaining industry. • a bulk-reducing industry. • a break-of-bulk industry. • concentrated near mountain-fresh waters. • unaffected by situation factors.

37. 11-04 Beer brewing is: • a bulk-gaining industry. • a bulk-reducing industry. • a break-of-bulk industry. • concentrated near mountain-fresh waters. • unaffected by situation factors. Explanation: Because their product becomes more bulky through manufacturing, breweries seek out locations near markets.

38. 11-04

39. 11-05 Which of the following statements about the manufacturing of cars in the United States is true? • There are relatively few factories in the South. • Each plant focuses on only one or a few models. • Plants are located near each major metropolitan area. • Factories are more dispersed now than they were in the 1950s. • Factories locate near railroads and industrial canals to ship their products.

40. 11-05 Which of the following statements about the manufacturing of cars in the United States is true? • There are relatively few factories in the South. • Each plant focuses on only one or a few models. • Plants are located near each major metropolitan area. • Factories are more dispersed now than they were in the 1950s. • Factories locate near railroads and industrial canals to ship their products. Explanation: Auto manufacturers have clustered near the population center of the country.

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42. 11-06 The least expensive mode of transport for shipping goods over long distances is by: • airplane. • automobile. • rail. • ship. • truck.

43. 11-06 The least expensive mode of transport for shipping goods over long distances is by: • airplane. • automobile. • rail. • ship. • truck. Explanation: Ship transport is the most cost effective mode over long distances.

44. 11-07 Which type of manufacturing requires the lowest level of skill? • airplanes • automobiles • computers • consumer electronics • textiles

45. 11-07 Which type of manufacturing requires the lowest level of skill? • airplanes • automobiles • computers • consumer electronics • textiles Explanation: The textile industry is labor intensive. As a result, a great emphasis is placed on finding low-cost labor.

46. 11-08 It is especially important for aluminum processors to locate near: • beverage manufacturers. • cheap electricity. • inexpensive labor. • major metropolitan areas. • navigable rivers.

47. 11-08 It is especially important for aluminum processors to locate near: • beverage manufacturers. • cheap electricity. • inexpensive labor. • major metropolitan areas. • navigable rivers. Explanation: Reducing aluminum from bauxite ore requires large amounts of electricity.

48. 11-09 Within the United States, manufacturing has been most likely to shift in which of the following directions? • North toward Boston • Toward Chicago • East toward New York City • South toward Houston • Manufacturing has tended to stay in the Midwest and Northeast.

49. 11-09 Within the United States, manufacturing has been most likely to shift in which of the following directions? • North toward Boston • Toward Chicago • East toward New York City • South toward Houston • Manufacturing has tended to stay in the Midwest and Northeast. Explanation: Anti-union laws and federally funded infrastructure have enticed industry to move south.

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