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Cardiac Emergencies

Cardiac Emergencies. Cardiovascular System Heart Attack Caring for a Heart Attack. Cardiovascular System. Heart-muscular organ that pumps blood (about the size of your fist) Blood- carries oxygen & nutrients. Arteries. Carry oxygen- rich blood AWAY from the heart. Veins. Carry oxygen-

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Cardiac Emergencies

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  1. Cardiac Emergencies Cardiovascular System Heart Attack Caring for a Heart Attack

  2. Cardiovascular System • Heart-muscular organ that pumps blood (about the size of your fist) • Blood- carries oxygen & nutrients

  3. Arteries Carry oxygen- rich blood AWAY from the heart.

  4. Veins • Carry oxygen- poor blood back to the heart.

  5. Coronary Arteries • Supply the heart muscle with blood

  6. Heart Attack When the heart muscle doesn’t receive oxygen, that part of the muscle dies and causes CHEST PAIN!

  7. Common cause of Heart Attack • Cardiovascular Disease • Leading cause of death for adults in the United States • Nearly 1 million deaths each year

  8. Signs and Symptoms of a Heart Attack* -Chest pain (#1) -Pressure, squeezing or tightness -Difficulty breathing -Sweating -Nausea or vomiting -Pale, bluish or moist skin -Changes in pulse rate

  9. Heart Attack Victims • Victims often deny that they are having a heart attack or dismiss the pain as indigestion • Do NOT let this influence you…if you think the victim is having a heart attack you must act FAST. • Prompt action may prevent cardiac arrest

  10. Heart Attack* • Pain or discomfort in the chest that lasts more than 3-5 minutes or that goes away and comes back

  11. Risk factors for Cardiovascular Disease • Smoking • Poor diet (high in fat) • High blood pressure • Obesity • Lack of regular exercise

  12. Risk Factors

  13. High Blood Pressure HYPERTENSION

  14. Measures High Blood Pressure • Sphygmomanometer

  15. Blood Pressure • Normal- 120/80 • 120 = pressure of blood against the artery walls when the heart beats -- 80 = pressure between beats

  16. Blood Pressure Values • Normal-Less than 120/80 • Hypertension- 140/90

  17. Increase in High Blood Pressure

  18. Causes of HBP • Genetics • Obesity • Lack of physical activity • Too much salt in the diet • Too much alcohol consumption (no more than 1 to 2 drinks per day) • Stress

  19. Where’s the SALT? • Contain high levels of sodium (salt) • Lunch meats • Soy sauce • Canned soups and canned vegetables • Frozen dinners • Pickles • Chinese food • Potato chips, corn chips

  20. Symptoms of HBP • There are NO symptoms or signs of hypertension, so you usually don't feel it. • In fact, nearly 1/3 of those who have hypertension don't know it. The only way to know if you have hypertension is to have your blood pressure checked.

  21. Health problems associated with HBP • Stroke • Heart failure/attack • Sleep apnea/snoring • Kidney failure • Vision problems • Premature death • Erectile dysfunction • baldness

  22. Reducing the risks • Eat more fruits and veggies • Lower salt intake (1 tsp a day) • Exercise at least 30 minutes a day • Moderate alcohol consumption (no more than 2 drinks a day) • Maintain healthy weight

  23. Cholesterol HDL and LDL HDL= good LDL= bad

  24. LDL- Bad cholesterol • Too much LDL in the blood causes a build up

  25. What LDL does • it can slowly build up in the inner walls of the arteries that feed the heart and brain, forming plaque, a thick, hard deposit that can clog those arteries

  26. ATHEROSCLEROSIS • This condition is known as atherosclerosis. If a clot forms and blocks a narrowed artery, it can cause a heart attack or stroke. 

  27. HDL- Good cholesterol • HDL cholesterol is known as the "good" cholesterol • HDL tends to carry cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver, where it's passed from the body.

  28. Increasing your HDLs • Increase the monounsaturated fats in your diet. • canola oil, avocado oil, or olive oil and in the fats found in peanut butter • Add soluble fiber to your diet. • oats, fruits, vegetables, and legumes • at least two servings a day

  29. What NOT to eat… • Saturated fatty acids - which come from animal fats (meat, lard, dairy products) and tropical oils such as coconut and palm oils - raise the levels of LDL cholesterol.

  30. NO GOOD FOR YOU • stick margarines contain the most trans fatty acid, tub margarines contain less, and semi-liquid margarines contain the least

  31. Obesity Hazards • Risk of: strokes, diabetes, heart disease, HBP • Appendicitis • Arthritis • Hernia

  32. Need to change our Lifestyle • 2/3 of Americans are overweight

  33. Get Healthy NOW • Cardiovascular disease develops gradually, over many years • Leading a healthy lifestyle now is important for future health

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