MS Science TAKS review for 8th grade Student copy

1. MS Science TAKS review for 8th grade Student copy Science Curriculum & Instruction Spring ISD

2. 2. You have a glass beaker filled with a mixture of hot chemicals. The beaker and mixture have a mass of 247 grams. If you want to know the mass of the chemicals only, what should you have done first? Pour the chemicals directly on a spring scale. Find a very light container that can hold the chemicals. Obtain the mass of an empty glass beaker of the same size. Separate the chemicals into their individual components.

3. 3. A student made 3 stacks of books. She leaned identical boards on each stack. She covered one board with waxed paper, one with sandpaper, & one with cloth. She placed a toy car at the top of one board, released it and let it roll until it stopped. She measured the distance the car traveled. She repeated the procedure for the other two boards. What is the independent variable in this investigation? F. The distance the car rolled. G. The height from which the car was released. H. The number of books used. J. The surface of the board.

4. 4. Which of the following is a safe way to conserve resources in the lab? Clean up all equipment at the same time. Use older, slightly damaged equipment. Carefully measure chemicals. Clean up chemical spills quickly.

5. 5. What is the average speed in m/s of the 4 trials of the toy car the travels down the ramp? F. 6 G. 7 H. 8 J. 9

6. 6. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the information shown? Most types of matter heat up at the same rate. Most types of matter cool down at the same rate. It takes less energy to heat 1 g of silver then 1 g of gold. It takes more energy to heat 1 g of water then 1 g of copper. The higher the specific heat of a substance the more heat it takes to raise the temp of the substance.The higher the specific heat of a substance the more heat it takes to raise the temp of the substance.

7. 7. At the grocery store, a student looks at a label on a box of oatmeal. The advertisement he saw on TV said that by eating this brand of oatmeal every morning you would lose weight. Are the advertisement�s claims reliable? F. No, no advertisement ever makes reliable claims. G. No, you must diet and exercise to decrease body weight. H. Yes, advertisements that are on TV and labeled on the box are always truthful. J. Yes, eating oatmeal makes people lose weight.

8. 8. The graph shows the average number of days of sunny weather that Spring, Texas has each month for the last 10 years. If the trend continues next year, which month will Spring have the least amount of sunny days? December January July September

9. 9.A student hears a scientist on the news the says he thinks there is life on another planet. What is the most important question that the student should ask in order to critique what the scientist is saying? F. Does the scientist think there is life in other galaxies too? G. What evidence is the scientist basing his statement on? H. Where did the scientist study and go to school? J. Who works for the scientist and helps in his research?

10. 10.Which of the following scientists was first to suggest that Earth and the other planets in the solar system revolve around the sun? Isaac Newton Marie Curie Nicolas Copernicus Galileo

11. Which of the following questions about frogs could be answered through a scientific investigation? F. Are frogs able to play musical instruments? G. Are some frog species happier than other frog species? H. How do the diets of different frog species differ? J. What kind of dreams do frogs have?

12. 12. The magnification of the eyepiece on a compound microscope is 10X. The magnification of the objective lens of 100X. What is the total magnification? 10X 90X 110X 1,000X

13. 13.Which of the following objects would make the best model of a blood vessel? F. A steel pipe G. A rubber tube H. A cotton string J. An electrical wire

14. 14.The graph show world population growth over the last 200 years. If the trend continues the world population will � decrease increase, then decrease Increase stay the same

15. 15. A student is planning an investigation about plants. She says, �Plants grow better in sunlight.� This statement is an example of � F. data G. a hypothesis H. an investigation J. a procedure

16. 16.You have a bag of cookies that says it contains 34 grams. Which tool would you use to check to be sure that the bag actually contains 34 grams? Graduated cylinder Meter stick Triple beam balance Spring scale

17. 17.Which would be an important piece of safety equipment to use when heating a substance in science lab?

18. 18.Nitrogen fertilizer is often added to soil to increase the growth of grass in lawns. Which of these nearby ecosystems would most likely be harmed by the use of nitrogen fertilizer? Forest Meadow Park Pond

19. 19.Which type of diagram provides the most information about the feeding relationship among organisms in an ecosystem? F. Food chain G. Food web H. Energy chain J. Energy pyramid

20. 20.The diagram shows the natural pattern of an ecosystem changing over time. This is known as � mutualism photosynthesis predation succession

21. 21.What is one way that plant and animal cells are different? F. Plant cells do not have cell membranes. G. Only animal cells contain cytoplasm. H. Only plant cells contain a nucleus. J. Only plant cells have cell walls.

22. 22.Which biome is found around Earth�s North and south Poles? Deciduous forest Tropical Rainforest Taiga Tundra

23. 23.Nerves are made of tissue, so nerves are made of � F. cells G. organs H. organ systems J. organisms

24. 24.Organisms found living in a tundra would be adapted to live in � low altitudes cold conditions sunny conditions wet areas

25. 25. What occurs during photosynthesis? F. Biomass is converted into chemical energy. G. Heat energy is converted into biomass. H. Chemical energy is transferred into heat energy. J. Solar energy is transferred into chemical energy.

26. 26.When an organism dies, chemical energy is still stored in its body�s tissues. Energy is released from the body through the process of � decomposition differentiation osmosis photosynthesis

27. 27.The Punnett square shows the genotype of two mice. B represents the allele for brown hair. The allele of white hair is represented by b. What are the possible genotypes of the mice�s offspring? F. BB only G. Bb only H. BB and bb J. BB, bb and Bb

28. 28.When a baby kangaroo is born, the first thing is does is crawl into its mother�s pouch. What type of behavior is the baby kangaroo exhibiting? Innate behavior Learned behavior Emotional behavior Both innate and learned behavior

29. 29. How does the respiratory system interact with the muscular system? F. The muscular system produces blood which is needed by the lungs to work. G. The muscular system makes mucus for the trachea. H. The respiratory system provides the oxygen needed by the muscles to work. J. The respiratory system causes the muscles to movement.

30. 30.The circulatory system carries oxygen and nutrients to every cell in an animals body. Which part of the system is needed to carry the oxygen out to the rest of the body? Arteries Heart Lungs Veins

31. 31.The skull is part of the skeletal system in an animal. One of the functions of the skeletal system is to protect soft body parts. The skull�s structure helps to perform this function because the skull � F. has marrow, which produce blood cells G. has sharp teeth, which the animal uses to eat H. is flexible, which allows the brain to continue growing. J. is hard, which protects the brain from being injured.

32. 32.What is taken in by a plant as part of photosynthesis? Carbon dioxide Chemical energy Oxygen Sulfur

33. 33. Predict how many grams of water the atmosphere could hold at 500 C. F. 25 g G. 35 g H. 52 g J. 62 g

34. 34.How do consumers interact with producers in an ecosystem? Producers eat consumers Consumers eat producers Producers decompose consumers Decomposers produce consumers

35. 35.A forest ecosystem has an increase in rainfall so more wildflowers grow. The wildflowers support a greater number of butterflies. Lizards in the forest eat butterflies. The lizard population will most likely be affected by the increase in the butterfly population by the size of the lizard population � F. decreasing G. decreasing then increasing H. increasing J. staying the same

36. 36. The Punnett square shows the genotype of two rose parents. T represents the allele for large thorns. The allele for small thorns is represented by t. What are the possible genotypes of the rose�s offspring? Tt only Tt and tt TT and Tt TT, Tt and tt

37. 37. Humans brought domesticated cats to the island of Madagascar. Several types of ground-nesting birds became extinct after the cats arrived. Which kind of threat to native animals is this an example of? F. Foreign animal trade G. Habitat destruction H. Species introduction J. Unregulated hunting

38. 38.All of the populations living within an area make up a(n) � community ecosystem organism species

39. 39. What type of energy is transferred into chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis? F. chemical G. kinetic H. potential J. radiant

41. 41. Which two elements are most similar? F. H and O G. Fe and Co H. Li and F J. Mg and Sr

42. 42.The formula that represents sodium chloride, commonly known as salt, is � H2O NaCl SaLt SoCh

43. 43. This Bohr model represents the element � F. Carbon G. Fluorine H. Oxygen J. Neon

44. 44.What part of the oxygen atom contains neutral particles? Electrons Electron clouds Isotopes Nucleus

45. 45.Which of the following must be the same for every atom of the element hydrogen? F. Atomic mass G. Number of electrons H. Number of neutrons J. Number of protons

46. 46.You find an object that is shiny and solid. It conducts heat and electricity. How would the object be classified? noble gas non-metal metal halogen

47. 47.Which of the following is not a property of an atom? F. Color G. Electric charge H. Mass J. Number of protons

48. 48. Which of the following changes is not a physical change? Beating an egg Making a tossed salad Boiling water Frying an egg

49. 49. As the stored chemical energy in biomass is decomposed in a compost bin, what is most of the energy converted into? F. Heat G. Oxygen H. Soil J. Water

50. 50.The tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest or an object in motion to remain in motion is known as � friction inertia work zero gravity

51. 51. A blow dryer transforms � F. electrical energy to potential energy G. electrical energy to thermal energy H. kinetic energy to thermal energy J. thermal energy to heat

52. 52. A student places a pan of water on a hot plate. All the water becomes hot. What process heats the water at the top of the pan? A. Conduction B. Convection C. Evaporation D. Radiation

53. 53. A dirt bike rider has a mass of 50 kg. The dirt bike has a mass of 200 kg. How much force is needed to accelerate the rider and the bike to 4 m/s2? F. 2.5 N G. 200 N H. 800 N J. 1,000 N F= MA F = (200 + 50) X 4F= MA F = (200 + 50) X 4

54. 54.What causes a rock to accelerate as it falls? Air pushing down on the rock. A person throwing it downward. The force of gravity. The speed of the rock.

55. 55. A boat floats on water because of � F. buoyant force G. gravity H. friction J. magnetism

56. 56. What type of simple machine is used in the pliers shown? Inclined plane Lever Pulley Wheel and axle

57. 57.Which of the following forces stimulates a seedling�s roots to grow downward? F. Gravity G. Magnetism H. Momentum J. Radioactivity

58. 58.When a piece of paper burns, chemical energy changes to ____ energy. electrical heat and light kinetic and potential mechanical

59. 59.What simple machine changes the direction of a force without increasing or decreasing the force? F. Inclined plane G. Lever H. Pulley J. Wheel and axle

60. 60. A space heater transforms � electrical energy to heat energy electrical energy to potential energy kinetic energy to thermal energy thermal energy to heat

61. 61.How much work in joules is done when a 12 N force moves an object 3.3 m? F. 3.64 J G. 8.7 J H. 15.3 J J. 39.6 J W = F X DW = F X D

62. 62.A student is trying to move a large rock in his yard. Which simple machine can best help get the rock off the ground? Inclined plane Lever Screw Wheel and axle

64. 64.When the heart contracts, it pumps blood to other parts of the body. The blood moves because � density of the blood increases pressure in the heart increases size of the heart increase temperature of the blood increases

65. 65. A person changes the oil in their car and dumps the old oil on the ground in an empty lot. How might this affect the environment? F. The oil will evaporate. G. The oil will not affect the environment. H. The oil may enter the groundwater and pollute it. J. The oil may act as a fertilizer for plants.

66. 66.The tilt of Earth�s axis determines the � length of a day length of a year phases of the moon seasons

67. 67. All of the following are renewable energy resources except � F. falling water G. fossil fuels H. sunlight J. wind

68. 68. Which of the following is an effect of the increasing use of gasoline-powered vehicles? The depletion of a nonrenewable resource. The pollution of a inexhaustible resource. The recycling of a reusable resource. The replenishment of a renewable resource.

70. 70. What effect might cutting down a large forest have on the air in that location? Carbon dioxide decreases and oxygen increases. Carbon dioxide increases and oxygen decreases. Levels of all gases increase. Levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide stay the same.

71.  71. Which of the following is the best evidence that Earth�s continents were once in very different positions than they are today? F. Fossils of tropical plants have been found in Antarctica. G. Major rivers form deltas from erosion. H. Penguins are found only in the Southern Hemisphere. J. Volcanoes surround the Pacific ocean.

72. 72.Early telescopes showed stars as only points of light, while the planets appeared to be much larger, providing evidence that stars must � be more plentiful in our solar system than planets. be much farther from Earth than planets. reflect much more light than planets. travel in elliptical orbits like planets.

73. 73.The Sun is a main sequence, yellow star in the Milky Way galaxy, which is described as a(n)� F. dwarf galaxy G. elliptical galaxy H. irregular galaxy J. spiral galaxy

74. 74. Stars begin their life cycle in a � black hole nebula nova supernova

75. 75.A land developer cleared all the trees in a neighborhood to be able to build new homes. A direct result of removing trees from the area would be � F. a lower amount of carbon dioxide in the air G. a higher rate of erosion H. an increase in the carnivore population J. a slowdown of the nitrogen cycle

76. 76.A current carries water from Canada and Alaska to the south along the California coast. How does this current most likely affect California�s climate? The current causes floods in California. The current caused droughts in California. The current cools California. The current warms California.

77. 77.How does the Gulf Stream current probably affect Iceland? F. The current carries cold water to Iceland. G. The current causes Iceland�s climate to be warmer. H. The current causes Iceland�s climate to be colder. J. The current prevents sunlight from reaching Iceland.

78. 78.Many weather systems form over oceans. The energy needed to form these weather systems starts from � prevailing winds the moon the sun water currents

79. 79.Astronomers have discovered many differences in stars through their observations. One theory used to explain these differences is that � F. Earth�s atmosphere distorts our view of the stars. G. stars are at different points in their life cycles. H. the distances between stars are huge. J. there is too much light pollution on Earth to study stars.

80. 80. The type of boundary shown in the diagram is �A. convergentB. divergentC. riftD. transform

81. 81.A rift valley is evidence of which kind of plate boundary? F. Convergent G. Divergent H. Folded J. Transform

82. 82.Earthquake vibrations are detected, measured and recorded by instruments called � magnetometers Richter scales seismographs sonargraphs

83. 83.The type of plate boundary found in Iceland is �F. convergentG. divergentH. lateralJ. transform

84. 84.The Eurasian plate and North American plate are moving away from each other. This is causing the Atlantic Ocean to become wider. What other change will this movement most likely cause? The destruction of beaches along the coast of Europe. The formation of mountains along the east coast of North America. The Pacific Ocean is becoming smaller in size. The Gulf of Mexico is becoming deeper.

85. 85.The theory of plate tectonics states that Earth�s lithosphere is divided into pieces called plates that are constantly moving. The diagram above shows two plates that are colliding. What landforms result from this action?F. MountainsG. PlainsH. PlateausJ. Valleys

86. 86. What lunar phase will occur when the moon is in the position indicated in the model? Crescent Full moon Gibbous New moon

87. 87.The moon can be seen in the night sky because the moon � F. emits its own light G. produces radiant energy H. reflects sunlight J. refracts sunlight

88. 88.When does the Northern Hemisphere experience summer? When the length of the day equals the length of the night. When the Earth is closest to the sun. When the Earth is tilted most on its axis. Then the North Pole is tilted toward the sun.

89. 89.The plates of the Earth�s lithosphere are moved around by � F. winds in the atmosphere G. conduction in the asthenosphere H. convection currents in the ocean J. convection currents in the asthenosphere

91. 91.A meteorite collides with the Earth�s surface. What will be the most likely effect of this collision? F. A crater will form. G. A convergent plate boundary will form. H. A divergent plate boundary will form. J. A volcanic eruption will occur.

92. 92. Pressure builds up along a fault line and eventually the rocks along the fault shift positions. What will be the effect of this process? An earthquake will occur. A hot spot will form. A tsunami will form. A volcanic eruption will occur.

93. 93.An earthquake would most likely result near which of the following features? F. Cave G. Fault H. Plain J. Valley

94. 94. Light-years are the most appropriate measurement for which of the following distances? The distance between the moon and Earth. The distance between the North and South Poles. The distance from the sun to the center of the galaxy. The distance from Florida to California.

95. 95. How would the planet most likely be affected if Earth were not tilted on its axis? F. Earth would become very hot on one side. G. Earth would not experience different seasons. H. The length of day and night would be very different. J. The moon would not revolve around the Earth.

96. 96.Which of the following lunar phases occurs approximately 28 days after a full moon in the lunar cycle? Crescent Full moon Gibbous New moon

97. 97.Which of the following causes the moon�s phases to occur? F. The Earth�s rotation on its axis G. The Earth�s revolution around the sun H. The moon�s rotation on its axis J. The moon�s revolution around the Earth.

98. 98.Which of the following conservation practices is the best way to conserve some of the Earth�s nonrenewable resources? Recycling newspapers. Reusing a paper sack as wrapping paper. Turning off the water while brushing your teeth. Walking instead of driving in a car.

99. 99.What is the name of the galaxy we live in? F. Andromeda G. Beta H. Milky Way J. Polaris

100. 100.The moon�s surface is made up of rocks and dust-like soil. Which is the likely cause of the �soil� on the moon? Breakup of rocks from rain and moving water. Breakup of rocks when meteors struck the moon. Weathering by glaciers. Weathering by wind.

101. 101.Which of the following lists is in order from largest to smallest? F. Moon, Earth, Sun, Solar System, Galaxy, Universe G. Solar System, Galaxy, Universe, Moon, Sun, Earth H. Universe, Galaxy, Sun, Solar System, Earth, Moon J. Universe, Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon

102. 102.Which of the following is a nonrenewable source of energy? Wood Coal Water Wind

103. 103. When the phase of the moon is a full moon, F. the sunlit side of the moon is facing away from Earth G. the sunlit side of the moon is facing the earth H. the sun is not shining on the moon J. the moon is in Earth�s shadow

104. 104.Which of these planets would have the longest revolution around the sun? Earth Jupiter Neptune Venus

105. 105.Which of the following lists the components in order from smallest to largest? F. Solar system, universe, galaxy G. Galaxy, solar system, universe H. Solar system, galaxy, universe J. Universe, solar system, galaxy

106. 106.Which of the four planets in the table has the shortest day? Earth Mars Mercury Jupiter

107. You cannot see a new moon because � F. Earth�s axis tilts away from the moon G. The moon has absorbed all the light that hits it H. The moon�s sunlit side is facing away from Earth J. The sun is not shining on the moon