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Science TAKS Review

Science TAKS Review. I want plants to grow faster. Independent Variable – the thing I change Water plants different amounts Control / constant – Do not change- all plants in same location, get same amount of dirt and sunlight. Etc… Dependent Variable –

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Science TAKS Review

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  1. Science TAKS Review

  2. I want plants to grow faster • Independent Variable – • the thing I change • Water plants different amounts • Control / constant – • Do not change- all plants in same location, get same amount of dirt and sunlight. Etc… • Dependent Variable – • Did the plants grow any faster with change in water

  3. Prokaryote – no nucleus Kingdoms: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria Eukaryote - have nucleus Kingdoms: Plant, Animal, Protista & Fungi 2 types of cells

  4. Cell Structures and Functions • Cell Membrane - barrier • Nucleus – DNA • Cytoplasm- “blood” of cell • Ribosome- protein maker • Mitochondria- energy maker • Chloroplast- make sugar and O2

  5. Cellular Processes • Homeostasis – balance or same • Water • temperature • blood pressure

  6. Permeability • Diffusion - movement from high concentration to low concentration

  7. Osmosis – movement of water

  8. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Nitrogen bases (Thymine, Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine) determines the inherited traits. A  T G  C G C T A

  9. DNA Replication One strand of DNA reproduces to make two strands so the cell can reproduce.

  10. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) 11th • Transcription A U GC

  11. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) 11th • Translation Amino acids are linked together to make a protein. 3 bases needed for 1 codon

  12. Six Kingdoms of Life • Archaebacteria – Extreme bacteria • Eubacteria – Bacteria • Protista – Amoebas, paramecium • Fungi – Mushrooms, molds, yeast • Plantae – Trees • Animalia – Mammals—uhhhh people microscopic

  13. Bacteria Protista – little guys you look at under microscope Fungi – mushroom Plant Animal Single cell vs. Multi-cell

  14. Animalia Fungi Plantae Heterotrophvs.Autotroph -eat something -make own food BOTH Bacteria Protista

  15. Body Systems • Circulatory – heart / blood - Oxygen / food • Digestive – breaks down food • Nervous – electrical signals • Endocrine – hormones • Reproductive – sex • Integumentary – Skin • Skeletal – Bones - Structure • Respiratory – Lungs - Oxygen in, CO2 out • Muscular - Movement • Excretory – Eliminates wastes - Urine • Immune – Kills viruses

  16. Viruses and Bacteria • Viruses are not alive, Bacteria are alive

  17. Viruses (not alive) • Viruses – cause disease • ANTIBIOTICS DO NOT CURE THEM • ONLY IMMUNE SYSTEM • AIDS, the common cold, small pox, influenza, and warts

  18. Bacteria (alive) • Harmful - get antibiotics • Strep Throat • Staph Infections • Helpful  • decomposers – septic tanks, rotting meat • mutualism : intestines • cheese, yogurt

  19. Evolution • Mutations • Reproductions Natural Selection- environment decides who lives… only tall trees- giraffes happy CHANGE

  20. Who would survive?

  21. Symbiosis • Symbiosis – relationship between two organisms • Mutualism – both species benefit

  22. Predation – one species (predator) benefits, other (prey) is eaten

  23. Parasitism – one species benefits, the other is harmed

  24. Competition – two species want same thing

  25. Commensalism – one species benefits, one is not affected • Remora fish eat shark’s scraps; shark is not affected

  26. Food chain & food web – who eats what Arrows show flow of energy

  27. Trophic levels • Producer- green plant - photosynthesis • Consumer – Must eat • Decomposer breaks down dead and waste 10% 90%

  28. Elements Fe H O Au Compounds FeCl3 H2O CO2 Types of matter

  29. More dense liquids sink! Water density = 1g/ml Density D = MV

  30. Viscosity Resistance to flow more viscous– the slower the flow

  31. Buoyancy

  32. Chemical Change • Change of temperature • Production of light • Production of a gas • New thing formed

  33. Physical change • Change in size and shape • Making a solution • Change in state

  34. Conservation of Mass6CO2 + 6H20 --> C6H12O6 +6O2 Matter is never created or destroyed

  35. Solutions • Solute- salt • Solvent – water • Soluble- salt can be dissolved

  36. Force - a push or a pull on an object F = ma Force is measured in NEWTONS (N)

  37. Work - force causes an object to move W=Fd Work -JOULES (J)

  38. Power – How fast you get work done • P=W/t • Power - WATTS (W)

  39. Kinetic Energy -motion Potential Energy - energy stored Click on the slide!

  40. Energy • Conduction - heat transfer from one object to another by direct contact …solids

  41. Convection - heat carried from one place to another in a liquid or gas as molecules move in currents caused by density differences…liquids & gases

  42. Radiation - the transfer of heat energy through empty space • (heat from sun)….infrared

  43. Soooooo……..Heat moves by-

  44. Waves • Transverse wave - moves up and down as the energy travels right to left. Perpendicular • example: light, ocean • Longitudinal wave – moves back and forth as the energy travels right to left. Parallel • Example: sound

  45. REFLECTION

  46. Refraction

  47. Electricity- 10th • Series Circuit - a circuit in which the current has only one path • Parallel Circuit - a circuit in which the current can take more than one path

  48. READ!!! READ!!! READ!!!

  49. Remember • Use your Equation Sheet • Use your Calculator • Use your Periodic Table • YOU need at least 41 correct to pass….. DO YOU HAVE THAT?

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