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IMPORT FOOD INSPECTION SYSTEM In Japan

IMPORT FOOD INSPECTION SYSTEM In Japan. Hajime Toyofuku, D.V.M. Ph. Ｄ National Institute of Public Health, Japan. Table of Contents. Overview of the imported food, inspection system for imported food Overview of the food exported from Thailand and food safety issues

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IMPORT FOOD INSPECTION SYSTEM In Japan

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  1. IMPORT FOOD INSPECTION SYSTEM In Japan Hajime Toyofuku, D.V.M. Ph.Ｄ National Institute of Public Health, Japan

  2. Table of Contents • Overview of the imported food, inspection system for imported food • Overview of the food exported from Thailand and food safety issues • Overview of current food safety criteria • New system: Positive List System for Agricultural Chemical Residues, Cadmium and Aflatoxin

  3. Self-supply rate for Food＜６０%(calorie base ＞ Ｉｔｅｍ

  4. Cases & Weights of Imported Foods（Nationwide） x10000 Cases Million Tones 1.86 milli 34 milli tones

  5. Inspection of imported food the quarantine station Submission of import notifications Document inspection Meat Inspect. Certificate examination NO Onsite inspection Examination order Monitoring Acceptance of the notification ship back No-com- pliance compliance discard Custom Arrival of the cargo

  6. Overview of the System of Inspections Conducted at the Time of Importation Comprehensive import ban ※ Number of total(gross) of monitoring inspections is 83,951 cases Probability of violation High Inspection order 95,490 Inspection rate Enhanced monitoring 193,917 1,759,123 ＝１１．０％ FY2008 Total number of inspections/Number of import notifications 49,133 Monitoring inspection Administrative Inspection etc. 70,143 Low

  7. Annual Monitoring Plan （2010 Fiscal Year）

  8. Number of notifications, analyses and rejections ＊１　行政検査、指定検査機関検査、外国公的検査機関検査の合計から重複を除いた数値 ＊２　（　）内の数値は、指定検査機関検査のうちの命令検査の件数

  9. Inspection System forImported Foods, etc. • Food Inspectors ・・・・・・・・383persons • Notification Sites for Imported Foods・・・・・・３１ sites • Laboratory facilities • Two Major Laboratories: • Yokohama (Eastern Lab. for Imported Foods & Infectious Diseases) • Kobe (Western Lab. for Imported Foods & Infectious Diseases) • Six Minor Laboratories: • Tokyo, Narita A.P., Nagoya, Osaka, Kansai A.P., Fukuoka

  10. Otaru QS Niigata QS Titose AP Nagoya QS Nagoya AP Sendai QS Yokkaiti Sendai AP Simizu Kobe QS Tokyo QS Hunabasi（Baraki） Western Lab. Tiba Haneda AP Fukuoka QS Kawasaki Moji Narita AP QS Simonoseki Yokohama QS Fukuoka AP Osaka QS Eastern Lab. Nagasaki Kansai AP QS Kagosima Hirosima QS Naha QS Hirosima AP Naha AP Sakai Notification Site Mapfor Imported Foods, etc.

  11. Table of Contents • Overview of the imported food, inspection system for imported food • Overview of the food exported from Thailand and food safety issues • Overview of current food safety criteria • New system: Positive List System for Agricultural Chemical Residues

  12. Statistics on Food Import in Japan from Thailand

  13. Top 5 ｉｔｅｍｓ from Ｔｈａｉｌａｎｄ　2008

  14. Abstract: Subject Foods by Country, for which Inspection Orders were Issued Inspection orders were issued to all exporting countries for 16 items and to 36 countries for 190 items. (As of April 1, 2009)

  15. InspectionOrder at Thailand2010 Pandanus Odorus

  16. No of notifications and violations(2008)

  17. Violation in 2009（Thailand）

  18. Violations by products 2009（Thailand）

  19. Table of Contents • Overview of the imported food, inspection system for imported food • Overview of the food exported from Thailand and food safety issues • Overview of current food safety criteria • New system: Positive List System for Agricultural Chemical Residues

  20. Microbiological criteria (1) • Frozen fish or shellfish intended to be consumed raw • microbial count: <100 000 /g product • Coliform: negative • Vibrio parahaemolyticus: < 100 MPN count /g

  21. Microbiological criteria (2) • Oyster intended to be consumed raw - Vibrio parahaemolyticus: < 100 MPN/g- E. coli: <230/100 g product- microbial count: < 50 000/g product

  22. Microbiological criteria for Frozen food

  23. Microbiological criteria for boiled crab • Not frozen Vibrio parahaemolyticus: negative • Frozen boiled crab • microbial count: <100 000 /g product • Coliform: negative • Vibrio parahaemolyticus: negative

  24. Food Additives • Usage • Sulfur dioxide, Benzoic acid, Sorbic acid • Undesignated food additives • TBHQ, Azorubine, Polysorbate

  25. Table of Contents • Overview of the imported food, inspection system for imported food • Overview of the food exported from Thailand and food safety issues • Overview of current food safety criteria • New system: Positive List System for Agricultural Chemical Residues

  26. Positive List System for Agricultural Chemical Residues 【 Enforcement of Positive List System】May 29 2006～ 【 Previous Regulation 】 Pesticides, Feed Additives and Veterinary Drugs Pesticides, Feed Additives, and Veterinary Drugs Chemicals for which MRLs are established Chemicals for which MRLs are not established Chemicals designated by MHLW Chemicals for which MRLs are established 283 substances 799 substances Establishment of a certain level that is determined to pose no adverse health effects 0.01 ppm MRLs for 250 Pesticides and 33 Veterinary Drugs Establishment of provisional MRLs for agricultural chemicals, considering Codex standards, Japanese registration withholding limits, and other standards established based upon scientific evaluation 758 substances Chemicals that do not pose adverse health effects 65 substances Foods containing chemicals above the MRLs are enjoined from domestic distribution Not subject to the positive list system Foods found to contain chemicals above the level are enjoined from domestic distribution. Chemicals for which MRLs are not established Acceleration of the establishment of MRLs Basically, even foods found to contain chemicals are not enjoined from distribution. Foods containing chemicals above the MRLs are enjoined from domestic distribution.

  27. Status of Violations under the Positive List System (FY 2008) (For reference) Average number of violations per month before and after the Positive List System became effective （　）：the ratio compared to the previous fiscal year

  28. Guidelines on Hygiene Control of Import Processed Foods • 1. The purpose : not only to prevent contamination by poisonous or harmful substances, etc., but also to emphasize basic matters for guidance on processed foods required of importers under the Imported Foods Monitoring and Guidance Plan, to promote hygiene control of import processed foods, and to take steps to improve safety • 2 Scope: for importers who manufacture and import products to be exported to Japan under direct contract with overseas manufacturers, as well as importers of processed food in general. Moreover, even importers who are not in a direct contractual relationship with an overseas manufacturer should also, through the agency of an exporter or other such concern in the exporting country, strive to confirm the matters stated in these Guidelines with said manufacturer • Sec 2   Raw Material Acceptance Stages • Sec 3   Product Manufacturing and Processing Stages • Sec 4   Product Storage, Transportation and Distribution Stages • Sect 5  Recall and Disposal, Sec 6 Education and training , record keeping • http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/topics/importedfoods/guideline/01.html

  29. Cadmium

  30. Epi study of adverse health effects and an indicator Cadmium Long term exposure absorption・ metabolize β2-microglobulin （β2-MG） a low molecular weight protein as an indicator Adverse effects on Kidney proximal tubular

  31. Conclusion of the risk assessment by Food Safety Commission in Japan Tolerable weekly intake Cd 14.4 ⇒7µg/kg b.w/week

  32. Current control measures for CADMIUM in food in Japan • CADMIUM Limits in Rice（brown rice）,Soft drinks and powdered soft drinks are established in Japan , based on Food Sanitation Law, • For rice, the limit is less than 1.0mg/kg in rice, however, rice containing more than 0.4mg/kg and less than 1.0mg/kg is bought by MAFF in order to prevent distribution in the food chain

  33. Codex CADMIUM standards ＜Standard for contaminants in food＞ Codex STAN 193-1995, Rev.3-2007） 。

  34. Conclusions at food standard committee in MHLW Revised Cadmium standard in Rice （1.0ppm → 0.4ppm：from the end of February, 2011） Cadmium Standards for other food categories will not established. Request stakeholders to make efforts to reduce the levels of cadmium in foods

  35. Aflatoxins

  36. Risk management of Aflatoxin in food ① • Current control in Japan In 1971, Food contained aflatoxin was regarded as adulterated food, and sales, use and distribution of such food is prohibited as a violation of the Food Sanitation Law, Article 6. In the official test methods, Aflatoxin B1 is designated as the target, and the detection limit was established at 10ppb. This value is considered as “standard”. • Codex Total aflatoxin （sum of B1, B2, G1 and G2） ・peanuts for further processing ( almond, hazelnuts, pistachios for further processing）：15ppb ・ almond, hazelnuts, pistachios for ready to eat：10ppb • Contamination statues ・Some foods were contaminated with both B &G group Aflatoxins. 　 ・In some peanut samples, levels of Aflatoxin G is higher than those of Aflatoinx B group

  37. Risk management of Aflatoxin in food 2 • Risk assessment • based on epidemiological investigations, liver cancer risk of life -time oral exposure of Aflatoxin B1 at 1ng/kg b.w./day • HBsAg positive; 0.3 cases /100,000 population /year • HBsAg negative: 0.01 cases /100,000 population /year • Results of exposure assessment, differences of risks of liver cancer under deferent scenarios are negligible: • current control at Aflatoxin B1 at 10ppb • total afratoxin at 8, 15, 20ppb • Afratoxin intake from food should be reduced as low as reasonablely achievable • The Conclusion of the MHLW Food Stanadrd Committee The regulatory target Aflatoxin should be amended as the total aflatoxin with the detection limit at 10ppb.

  38. Diagram 2 NEW MEASURES FOR "FOOD SAFETY" ～RISK ANALYSIS～ RISK ASSESSMENT RISK MANAGEMENT MHLW MAFF Food Safety Commission ・ To conduct a risk assessment. ・ To recommend that agencies in charge of risk management implement necessary measures for food safety, based on the risk assessment results. ・ To monitor the risk management by related agencies. ・ To collect and analyze domestic and international information on food safety hazards. ・ To comprehensively manage total risk communication including activities of the risk management agencies. ・ Regional Agricultural Administration Offices ・ Centers for Food Quality, Labeling and Consumer Services, etc. Risk management for agricultural, livestock, and fishery production. ・Quarantine Stations ・Regional Bureaus of Health and Welfare ・Health Centers, etc. Risk management for food safety Food Safety Basic Law Food Sanitation Law, etc. Agricultural Chemicals Regulation Law,etc. RISK COMMUNICATION ・Disclosure of information on food safety ・Securing consumers’ opportunities to express their opinions

  39. Conclusions • Application of Risk Analysis framework • Risk assessment conducted by Food Safety Commission • Risk communication • Taking Codex standards into account • Contribution to the Codex standard setting activities • Toward harmonization with ISO microbiological test methods • Farm to table approach • Identify and implement appropriate control measures along entire food chain

  40. MHLW Import food website at http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/topics/importedfoods/index.html Positive List System for Agricultural Chemical Residues in Foods http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/topics/foodsafety/positivelist060228/index.html

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