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Historical Review of Dual and Multiple Completions

Historical Review of Dual and Multiple Completions. By Joe Dunn Clegg. History. Early Days (1859 to 1900) Spindletop & East Texas: RRC & Proration After WW II: Commingling & Dual Approval The 1950’s & 60’s: Hard times : Duals + The 1960’s: Computers and Offshore

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Historical Review of Dual and Multiple Completions

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  1. Historical Review of Dual and Multiple Completions By Joe Dunn Clegg Joe Dunn Clegg

  2. History • Early Days (1859 to 1900) • Spindletop & East Texas: RRC & Proration • After WW II: Commingling & Dual Approval • The 1950’s & 60’s: Hard times : Duals + • The 1960’s: Computers and Offshore • The Good Years: 1970 to 1984 • Reality and Profitability • Using the Best Technology Joe Dunn Clegg

  3. Multiple Zones • One zone: Only single possible • Two or more zones: Development Plan Needed--How best to produce reserves. • Aggie approach: Singles & Plug-Back • Well for each zone (expensive) • Mix of singles, duals, multiples and …..recompletions. Joe Dunn Clegg

  4. Multiple Zones • Objective: to make more production with less initial costs & less operating expenditures .…make more money • Applicable for only limited rates in certain environments….. 2”x 2” for < 1000 bpd x 1000 bpd • Avoid large mismatches in depth and pressure ….…D depths < 10%; D gradients < 10% • Review potential operating problems/costs • Key often a long flowing life • Dual artificial lift & workovers usually a problem $ Joe Dunn Clegg

  5. Annulus- Tubing Dual for flowing wells Packer Leakage Tests? Joe Dunn Clegg

  6. Flow Coupling Cross-over Packer Tubing Flow Coupling Landing Nipple Blast Joint Polished Nipple Packer No-Go Nipple Perforations Annulus- Tubing Dual with Cross-Over Joe Dunn Clegg

  7. Courtesy Otis Fad in the 1960’s Work-Overs? Secondary Recovery? Unitization? Little Operating Cost Data Available Joe Dunn Clegg

  8. Exxon Special Multiple “Tubingless” Completion Joe Dunn Clegg

  9. Concentric Dual Completion Tubing Upper Zone OK for Flowing Zones i.e. Gas Wells Lower Zones Joe Dunn Clegg

  10. Dual Parallel Gas-Lift Survived the test of time Joe Dunn Clegg 11

  11. Dual Parallel Gas-Lift w/concentric tbg. string Upper Zone Production Normal gas injection Lower Zone Production x Lift Gas o 12 Joe Dunn Clegg

  12. x Proposed Dual Parallel Gas-Lift X X 9 5/8”Csg 3 1/2” OD Tbg w/ W/Gas Injection String & 1.9” OD Tbg Special Crossover (Hydraulic) (Permanent) Joe Dunn Clegg 13

  13. Three Tubing String Dual Gas-Lift Casing Size? (Hydraulic) Rigid <90’ (Hydraulic) (Permanent) Joe Dunn Clegg Outz & Osmus

  14. Dual Rod Pumping: One Beam Unit Schematic Sucker-rod string Upper Zone Production Upper Zone Gas Lower Zone Production Liquid & Gas Upper Zone Lower Zone Circulating Sleeve Upper Pump Seal Lower Pump o Joe Dunn Clegg

  15. Head to Head Dual Beam Rod Pumps Joe Dunn Clegg

  16. Triple Beam Rod Pumps Joe Dunn Clegg

  17. Head to Head Dual For Triple Units Single Dual Head Joe Dunn Clegg

  18. Dual Hydraulic Lower Zone Power Fluid All Production + Power Fluid 9 5/8” Csg Upper Zone Power Fluid Commingled Production Upper Zone Lower Zone Joe Dunn Clegg

  19. Production lower pump + all power fluid Production upper zone Power fluid for upper pump UP Power fluid for lower pump LP Dual Hydraulic Pumping: No vents Joe Dunn Clegg

  20. Hypothetical Dual ESP Installation Upper Zone Pump Perforations Packer Lower Zone Pump Feasible but not Practical Upper Zone o o o o Lower Zone Joe Dunn Clegg

  21. Multilateral Dual Upper Zone Lateral Lower Zone Opposed Multilateral Joe Dunn Clegg

  22. Multiple Completion: Commingled Zones One Tubing String Joe Dunn Clegg

  23. My Conclusions • Singles or Commingling Preferred • Duals are profitable for selected cases • Multiples (>2) are seldom justified over well life except for flowing wells • Most successful high rate (> 200 BPD) artificial lift: ...Gas Lift • Savings on drilling costs are often lost due to higher operating costs, higher workover costs and lost reserves • Multiple completions increase stress Joe Dunn Clegg

  24. The Winner Duals Singles Multiples Flowing Wells Special Cases Joe Dunn Clegg

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