Insect Resist Finishes .

1. Finishing of Textiles . Insect Resist Finishes.

2. Main Points . Introduction . -1 Mechanisms of Insect Resist Finishes. -2 Chemistry of Insect Resist Finishes . -3 ِِِApplication of Insect Resist Finishes . -4 ُEvaluation of Insect Resist Finishes . -5 Troubleshooting for Insect Resist Finishes . -6 7- Dust mites.

3. Introduction . Insect resist finishes Chemical treatments Wool Other animal fibres

4. Dust mites

5. Fur beetle Keratin-digesting pests Carpet beetle The clothes moth Brown house moth Moth populations can increase dramattically in arelatively short time .

6. - Various chemicals have been used to control damage from larval attack on wool The carpet industry. -1 Insect resist finishes . The carpet industry . -1 2-Floor coverings . 3- blankets&uniforms . 4-upholstery fabrics

7. Mechanisms of insect resist finishes . Insect resist finishes Poisons Nerve poisons

8. - Interfere with the keratin digesting process of the larvae. Poisons Killing the feeding larvae .- - By blocking enzymes need for digestion. -lower environmental hazard than nerve poisons. -Not effective against some pests .

9. Nerve Poisons - Control agents . -Affecting a broader range of insects -More rapidly biodegraded than poisons . -Less durabillity .

10. Chemistry of insect resist finishes . Flucofenuron Chlorinated triphenyl methane slucofenuron chlorphenylids

11. Dieldrin . 1- One of the original nerve poisons. Permethrin . 1- very effective against moth larvae. 2-Less effect on Anthrenus beetles. 2-Higly toxic to mammals. 3- combination products of permthrin and hexahydropyrimidine derivatives. 3- Banned in most countries

12. Application of insect resist finishes. Insect resist finish During spining During Dyeing During scouring

13. During dyeing - The best light and wet fastness properties The finish is able fully penetrate the fibres -Exhaust well to nylon. -cholrphenylid drivatives. -Leaving wool unprotected. -Permethrin-based products . - Distribute them selves more uniformly between two fibres .

14. During Scouring . -For carpets, blankets &upholstery. -Do not completely penetrate the fibres. - Lower temperatures & shorter time for treatment in process . - So fastness properties are not durable .

15. During Spinning . - Combine the finish with spinning lubricants . -Then to apply the combination to loose wool prior to spinning -Produces yarns with only superficial treatment . - Much lower fastness .

16. Evaluation.

17. Troubleshooting . 1-Exposure to light , dry cleaning and shampooing can reduce the effectiveness of finish . 2- Finish baths that are not completely depleted of insect finishes. 3-Special are must be taken to prevent release of these insect poisons to the environment .

19. Finishes for protection from dust mites . Pillows ,bedding and quilts. upholstery Dust mites Mattresses carpets

21. Protection from dust mites. - Micro encapsulation is another interesting possibility for application.

22. Conclusion . Insect resist finish . Mechanisms of insect resist finishes . Chemistry of insect resist finishes . Application of insect resist finishes . Evaluation of insect resist finishes . Troubleshooting of insect resist finishes . Dust mites .

23. Thank you

24. Any questions