CSE Style 8 th Edition The Basics

1. CSE Style8th EditionThe Basics University of North Alabama Center for Writing Excellence Dr. Kat Richards Center for Writing Excellence University of North Alabama

2. Click the slide number to be taken to that section General Formatting…………………………………………..5 General Rules for References and In-text Citations...9 Name-Year System………………………………………….11 Citation-Sequence System………………………………..34 Citation-Name System………………………………….…55 Utilizing Sources………………………………………….….57 References……………………………………………………..63 Table of Contents

3. Learn what CSE (Council of Science Editors) Documentation Style is, what it includes, and why it is important • Learn about the standard CSE title page format • Learn basic documentation for books, journals, and websites • Learn the differences between methods of source integration: summarizing, paraphrasing, and quoting • Learn how to use signal phrases and in-text notes to avoid plagiarism Today’s Goals

4. Style provides guidelines for publication in all areas of science and related fields • Style lends consistency and makes texts more readable by those who assess or publish them What is CSE Style? Why use it?

5. General Format

6. Please check with your instructor about their requirements for the format of your paper (i.e., font, line spacing, headers, etc.). There are three different systems used in CSE. Ask your professor which system they prefer. For quick reference, here is where each system in explained. Formatting Guidelines

7. Include the paper title, your name, and any other important information, centered on the page • Do not include a header or page number on the cover page • Double spaced Cover Page

8. Header will include the title of the article or handout and the page number, starting with 2 • Double spaced with one inch margins on all sides • Center section headers like Abstract, Discussions, etc. • End references will be started on a new page at the end of the paper. Body Pages

9. General Rules for References List and In-text Citations

10. All lines are flush with the left margin, no hanging indentations are used. • Authors’ last names are listed first, then the first and middle initial (if given). No commas are used in between the last name and first initial. In addition, no periods are used in between initials. Example: Brown AC. • Use all authors’ names if a work has up to ten authors listed. For a work with more than ten authors, list the first ten names followed by a comma and “et al.” Example: Brown MW, Keats EJ, Willems M, Lowry L, Sachar L, Rylant C, Collins S, London J, Tolkien JR, Bang M, et al. • Titles of books and articles are not italicized, “placed within quotation marks”, or underlined. Only the first word of the title is capitalized, after that only proper names in the title are the only words that should be capitalized. • Journal titles that consist of more than one word are abbreviated. All the words in the abbreviated title are capitalized. For a searchable database of journal abbreviations visit CASSI (http://cassi.cas.org/search.jsp), American Chemical Society’s Source Index search tool. Also, the National Library of Medicine has a list ofcommonly used journal abbreviations at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=citmed&part=appa • Do not end the citation with a period if you include the URL. General Rules for References List and In-text Citations guides.highpoint.edu/cse

11. Name-Year System Referred to in the body of the paper using the in-text style. The in-text style for citations includes the author’s name and the year of publication within parentheses and the citations are listed alphabetically by the author’s surname in the end references page.

12. The reference list should be in alphabetical order by the first authors last name. • If an organization is used for the author, or if a title is used in place of an author, include in the alphabetical list Organization

13. List the authors’ last names followed by their first and middle initial. Do not put spaces or any punctuation between the last name or the initials. Example Author AA, Author BB, Author CC Authors’ Names

14. One Author • Author last name and first and middle initial Example Author AA. In-text citation (Author 2002) • Two to Ten Authors • Separate successive authors’ names with a comma Example Author AA, Author BB, Author CC, Author DD. In-text citations Two to three authors (Richards and Trzaskoma 2019) Three or more authors (Richards et al.) Authors’ Names Continued

15. More than Ten Authors • List the first ten names listed, followed by “et al.” In-text Citation (Richards et al. 2019) • No author • Move the title to the authors’ position, before the date. • The in-text citation will be the First word or first few words of the title followed by an ellipsis (…) and the year of publication In-text Citation (Handbook… 2000) Authors’ Names Continued

16. On the end references, when citing multiple items by the same author(s), list those works in chronological order (oldest to newest) Multiple Citations by the Same Author

17. When using an organization as the author name, you can use an abbreviation. • Put the abbreviation in brackets so you can use it in your in-text citations. This abbreviation should be at the first part of the citation on the end reference Example [CDC] Centers for Disease Control Organization/Group as Author

18. Never italicize, underline, or bold titles of books or journals. They will be written in flat text. • See the respective sections of this PowerPoint for specifics on formatting titles for each type of source. Formatting Titles

19. When writing the title, only the first word and any proper nouns should be capitalized. • Article titles should not be put in quotation marks Titles of Books and Articles

20. Abbreviate titles of any journal that are longer than one word • Do not use any articles, conjunctions, or prepositions • Do not use apostrophes Example New England Journal of Medicine ……… N Engl J Med Titles of Journals

21. Unlike journals, newspaper titles will not be abbreviated. Write out the entire name of the newspaper. Newspapers

22. Include the page range for articles in journals, magazines, newspapers, and chapters of books. • If an article appears on discontinuous pages, like in a newspaper, list all pages or page ranges, separated by commas Example 17-22, 48-57 • For chapters in a book, use the abbreviation “p.” before the page numbers Example p. 15-28 Page Ranges

23. If there is no date of publication, use the abbreviation [date unknown] in its place • For electronic publications such as website, use the update/revision date. This is usually found at the bottom of the webpage. No Date of Publication

24. Journal, Magazine, and Newspaper Articles

25. Basic Format for Print Journals Author AA, Author BB. Date of publication. Article title. Journal Title. Volume(issue): Page numbers. Basic Format for Online Journals Author AA, Author BB. Date of publication. Article title. Journal Title. Volume(issue): Page numbers. Available from: URL DOI Basic Format

26. Books, Edited Books, and Book Chapters

27. Format for a Book Author AA, Author BB. Year. Title of book. Edition. Place of publication (State or province): Publisher name. Format for an Edited Book Author AA, editor. Year. Title of book: subtitle of book. Edition. Place of publication (State or province). Format for a Chapter in an Edited Book Author AA, Author BB. Year. Title of chapter. In: Author XX, Author YY, Author ZZ, editors. Title of book. Edition. Place of publication (State or province): Publisher name. Note that the in-text citation for a chapter in an edited book will list the author(s) of the chapter, not the book. Basic Format

28. Web Documents

29. Title of homepage [Internet]. Date of publication. Place of publication: Publisher; [updated date; cited date]. Available from: URL Webpage with an Author Author AA, Author BB. [Internet]. Year. Webpage title. Publisher; [updated date; cited date]. Available from: URL Basic Format

30. Audiovisual Sources

31. Video Clip from the Internet Author AA, Author BB. Year. Title [Internet]. Publisher; [updated date; cited date]. Available from: URL Motion Picture Author AA, producer/director. Year. Title of motion picture; subtitle. [video disc; videocassette] Publisher. Number of discs: Length, sound, color, size. Use videocassette for VHS tapes and videodisc for DVDs Basic Format

32. Personal Communication

33. Personal Communication For personal communication, you will cite it as an in-text citation. It will nit be included on the references list. CSE recommends placing them within the body of the paper in a Notes section. In-text citation …although this is not an easy thing to do (2008 letter from S Neifer to me), it is well worth the effort. Basic Format

34. Citation-Sequence System Superscripted numbers are inserted at the point of reference as in the citation-sequence system. However, the citations are numbered according to the alphabetical listing by author’s last name of cited works in the end reference page.

35. In the citation-sequence system, numbers are used in the text to refer to the end references. The numbers are ordered in the sequence in which they appear. • So for example if Qubein is your first reference cited then it will appear Qubein1 and the full reference will appear after the number 1 in the bibliography. • It is possible to cite more than one reference within one sentence by using a superscript sequence of numbers2,3. • If a reference is repeated in the text use the same number for the reference. General Guidelinesand Organization guides.highpoint.edu/cse

36. List the authors’ last names followed by their first and middle initial. Do not put spaces or any punctuation between the last name or the initials. Example Author AA, Author BB, Author CC Authors’ Names

37. One Author • Author last name and first and middle initial Example Author AA. • Two to Ten Authors • Separate successive authors’ names with a comma Example Author AA, Author BB, Author CC, Author DD. Authors’ Names Continued

38. More than Ten Authors • List the first ten names listed, followed by “et al.” • No author • Move the title to the authors’ position, before the date. Authors’ Names Continued

39. When using an organization as the author name, you can use an abbreviation. • Put the abbreviation in brackets so you can use it in your in-text citations. This abbreviation should be at the first part of the citation on the end reference Example [CDC] Centers for Disease Control Organization/Group as Author

40. Never italicize, underline, or bold titles of books or journals. They will be written in flat text. • See the respective sections of this PowerPoint for specifics on formatting titles for each type of source. Formatting Titles

41. When writing the title, only the first word and any proper nouns should be capitalized. • Article titles should not be put in quotation marks Titles of Books and Articles

42. Abbreviate titles of any journal that are longer than one word • Do not use any articles, conjunctions, or prepositions • Do not use apostrophes Example New England Journal of Medicine ……… N Engl J Med A list of abbreviations can be found at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=citmed&part=appa Titles of Journals

43. Unlike journals, newspaper titles will not be abbreviated. Write out the entire name of the newspaper. Newspapers

44. If there is no date of publication, use the abbreviation [date unknown] in its place • For electronic publications such as website, use the update/revision date. This is usually found at the bottom of the webpage. No Date of Publication

45. Journal, Magazine, and Newspaper Articles

46. Basic Format for Print Journals Author AA, Author BB. Article title. Abbreviated journal title. Date of publication; Volume(issue): Page numbers. Basic Format for Online Journals Author AA, Author BB. Article title. Abbreviated journal title [Internet]. Date [cited date];Volume(issue): Page numbers. Available from: URL DOI. Example Castonguay LG, Boswell JF, Constantino MJ, Goldfried MR, Hill CE. Training implications of harmful effects of psychological treatments. Am Psychol [Internet]. 2010 Jan [cited 2010 Oct 24]; 65(1):34-49. Available from: http://libproxy.highpoint.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=pdh&AN=amp-65-1-34&site=ehost-live DOI: 10.1037/a0017330 Basic Format

47. Books, Edited Books, and Book Chapters

48. Format for a Book Author AA, Author BB. Title of book: subtitle of book. Edition. Place of publication (State or province): Publisher name; Date. Format for an Edited Book Author AA, editor. Title of book: subtitle of book. Place of publication (State or province): Publisher name; Date. Format for a Chapter in an Edited Book Author AA, Author BB. Title of chapter. In: Author XX, Author YY, Author ZZ, editors. Title of book. Place of publication (State or province): Publisher name; Date. Basic Format

49. Web Documents

50. Title of homepage [Internet]. Date of publication. Edition Place of publication (State or province): Publisher name; Date [updated date; cited date]. Available from: URL Webpage with an Author Author AA, Author BB. Webpage title [Internet]. Place of publication (State or province): Publisher name; Date [updated date; cited date]. Available from: URL Basic Format