Connecting Rural Ohio:

1. Connecting Rural Ohio: Role of Satellite-Based Internet Connectivity for Workforce Development and E-Learning Alan Escovitz, Ph.D. Bob Dixon, Ph.D. The Ohio State University Office of the CIO/ OARnet and Kate Carey, Ph.D. Ohio Learning Network All ADEC Meeting May 3, 2006

3. Appalachian Ohio Region • Appalachian Ohio occupies 14,299 square miles • 1 in 5 Appalachian children (77,000) live in poverty • 1/3 of Ohio's 100 lowest performing school districts • . • The college-going rate for Appalachian Ohio is 30 percent, compared to 41 percent for the rest of Ohio and 62 percent for the U.S. • Nearly one-fifth of Ohio's population is poor in Ohio's southern and southeastern Appalachian counties.  • Approximately 1.4 million reside in Ohio's 29 county Appalachian Region

4. Rural Broadband Internet UsePew Internet & Am. Life Project Feb. 2006

5. Rural Broadband Internet UsePew Internet & Am. Life Project Feb. 2006

6. Connecting Rural Ohio Objectives • Developing advanced Internet services over satellite infrastructure for communities that are geographically far removed from terrestrial Internet connectivity • Providing access to Web-based training and educational • Stabilizing their economy and bringing an end to drain of human capital • Improving quality of life and increases their standard of living

8. Morgan County • Population: 14,897 • 417.7 sq. miles • Education attainment: 19.4% no H.S., 50.5% H.S. graduate, 15.8% some college, 5.3% AA degree, 5.1% BS degree • 1999 Poverty Status 15.7% family income below poverty level • Ratio of income to poverty level: 6.4% (50% of poverty level), 12.0% (50%-90% of poverty level)

13. Satellite Communications Basics

14. Earth Satellites • The Most Well-Known Types of Earth Satellites • International Space Station • Global Positioning System • Synchronous Satellites • The Moon

16. International Space Station • 250 miles above the earth. • Goes around the earth every 90 minutes.

17. Global Positioning Satellites (GPS) • There are 24 of these satellites; 6 of them are always above the horizon at any one time. • These are what your GPS receiver uses to determine where you are located. • They are 12,000 miles above the earth, and go around every 12 hours.

18. Synchronous Satellites

19. The Moon • 240,000 miles away from the Earth, • Goes around once every “moonth”.

20. Internet Connectivity to Anywhere All Locations AMC4 Satellite Internet 1 and Internet 2 50,000 miles Ground Station Tachyon Central Ground Station--San Diego, CA

24. Antennas • Yagi Antennas used for 900 MHz link • 15 dBi, Horizontally polarized • Sector antenna on water tower; D-Link • 120 degree, 13 dBi • Yagi antenna on community building; D-Link • 14.5 dBi • Omni directional antenna on Library Access Point • 9 dBi

28. Water Tower Installation • Outdoor power at base of water tower • Mounting an outdoor enclosure • Located behind fences for the tower • Watertight seal, fiberglass construction • Power cable and network cables pass in and out • Contains: • network switch • power strip • power injectors

29. AvaLAN 900 MHz P2P system • Security • Matched Pair of devices, no user access to them • Unique key for each pair assigned at factory • They use 128 bit pseudo random temporal keys. • The key is updated for every packet exchanged, or 2000 times/sec if no data packets are flowing. •   The boxes exchange synchronization data constantly. • AES encryption boxes can be added for extra security • Maximum range is 40 miles in line of sight operation

30. D-Link DWL-2700Wireless APs • 802.11b/g compatible • Rugged sealed case • Operating temperatures: • -40ºF to 140ºF (-40ºC to 60ºC) • Up to 200 mW Tx power

32. Home Antenna Options:24 dBi parabolic

33. Home Antenna Options:9 dBi omni

34. Home Antenna Options:Wireless Access Point

35. Support for First RespondersWireless Broadband Chesterhill Volunteer Fire Department • Keep up with current technology • E-learning • Locate affordable fire equipment • Provide a second layer of communications with other fire depts.

36. e-Commerce Initiatives • Ron’s Auto Center – gains access to national discount car part distributors that can provide overnight delivery-estimated savings and future sales -$20K to $40K/year

37. e-Commerce Initiatives • The Posy Place - a flower shop that estimates a savings of $10K/year by using the Web vs. phone for FTD orders and delivery

38. e-Commerce Initiatives Chesterhill Produce Auction - connecting local farmers to wholesale markets

40. Educational PartnershipwithWashington State Community College Training for Microsoft Office Suite • Beginner Basics • Introduction to Windows • Intermediate Windows • Introduction to the Internet • Introduction to Microsoft Office • Intermediate Microsoft Office

41. Educational Partnershipwith theOhio Learning Network E 4 ME --an online orientation course that helps individuals: • Link interests to education choices, career paths, and jobs • Find online courses and degrees that meet personal and career goals • Learn how to be successful in e-learning courses

42. Outcomes and Impact • Model for Land-Grant university outreach • Cost-effective bridge • Addresses “last-mile” barriers and connectivity • Framework for a community technology plan • Stimulus to private sector investment and community development • Improving quality of life and increases their standard of living