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Chapter 8 Review

Chapter 8 Review. Mass Movements, Wind, and Glaciers. Which is NOT a factor that influences mass movements?. water weight soil type time. A once straight fencepost is now tilted slightly. What type of mass movement is this demonstrating?. creep flow slide fall.

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Chapter 8 Review

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  1. Chapter 8 Review Mass Movements, Wind, and Glaciers

  2. Which is NOT a factor that influences mass movements? • water • weight • soil type • time

  3. A once straight fencepost is now tilted slightly. What type of mass movement is this demonstrating? • creep • flow • slide • fall

  4. At which location would a catastrophic mass-movement be most common? • On a slope of 15° in an area of 120 cm of annual rainfall. • On a slope of 35° in an area of 72 cm of annual rainfall. • On a slope of 30° in an area of 110 cm of annual rainfall. • On a slope of 18° in an area of 88 cm of annual rainfall.

  5. Where is wind erosion least likely to take place? • deserts • prairies • seashores • lakeshores

  6. What is formed when two cirques on opposite sides of a valley meet? • hanging valley • arete • horn • U-shaped valley

  7. What makes a kame different from an esker? • its layering • its origins • its sediments • its shape

  8. Which of the following actions could prevent mass-movement disasters? • constructing buildings and roads in stream drainage paths • removing trees from steep slopes • educating people about the advantages of building on steep slopes • digging a series of trenches to divert water around a slope

  9. Which of the following statements is true about wind transport? • Wind, like water, can only move materials downhill. • Wind and water have the same relative ability to erode materials. • Wind transport and erosion primarily occur in areas with little vegetative cover. • Generally, wind can carry particles as large as those transported by moving water.

  10. Dune formation will take place when • high winds, sand, and no vegetation are present • sand, high winds, and vegetation are present • only with quartz sand, high winds, and vegetation are present • high winds are available

  11. Where there is limited sand available and strong prevailing winds, • longitudinal dunes are formed • parabolic dunes form • no dune formation can take place • transverse dunes are formed

  12. Which of the following statements is NOT true about valley glaciers? • Flow rates are the same within the various portions of the glacier. • The speed of the glacier is affected by the slope of the valley floor. • They widen V-shaped stream valleys in U-shaped glacial valleys. • Movement is usually less than a few millimeters a day.

  13. A ridge consisting of mixed debris deposited by a glacier is a(n) ____. • outwash plain • kettle • moraine • esker

  14. Slumps are common after a rainfall because the water ____. • reduces friction between soil grains • breaks the underlying rock • causes snow to melt • washes away the vegetation cover

  15. Which of the following causes deflation? • glacial erosion • deposition by meltwaters • wind deposition • wind erosion

  16. Glaciers covered 30 percent of the earth during the last ice age that began about • 10 000 years ago • 1.6 million years ago • 2000 years ago • 50 million years ago

  17. When two cirques on opposite sides of a valley meet, they form a(n) ____. • arête • drumlin • moraine • avalanche

  18. a swiftly moving mixture of sand and water that occurs after an earthquake • creep • flow • slide • fall

  19. a slump formed after a heavy rain • creep • flow • slide • fall

  20. solifluction in Antarctica • creep • flow • slide • fall

  21. talus results at the base of a mountain • creep • flow • slide • fall

  22. hanging valley • A • B • C • D • E • F

  23. waterfall • A • B • C • D • E • F

  24. arete • A • B • C • D • E • F

  25. horn • A • B • C • D • E • F

  26. U-shaped valley • A • B • C • D • E • F

  27. cirque • A • B • C • D • E • F

  28. The slow, steady, downhill flow of loose, weathered earth materials • slump • creep • water • mudflow • landslide

  29. Swiftly moving mixture of mud and water that causes many deaths • slump • creep • water • mudflow • landslide

  30. A rapid, downslope slide of earth materials • slump • creep • water • mudflow • landslide

  31. A landslide in which the material rotates and slides along a curved surface • slump • creep • water • mudflow • landslide

  32. This acts as a lubricant between grains of soils and sediments • slump • creep • water • mudflow • landslide

  33. A mass of ice that forms in mountainous areas • continental glacier • outwash plain • valley glacier • cirque • drumlin • mass movement • loess • abrasion • mudflow

  34. A downslope movement of loose sediment and rock under gravity • continental glacier • outwash plain • mass movement • cirque • drumlin • slump • loess • abrasion • mudflow

  35. A broad, continent-sized mass of ice • slump • outwash plain • valley glacier • cirque • drumlin • mass movement • loess • abrasion • continental glacier

  36. Windblown deposits composed of silt • continental glacier • loess • valley glacier • cirque • drumlin • mass movement • slump • abrasion • mudflow

  37. A deep depression carved out by an alpine glacier • continental glacier • outwash plain • valley glacier • slump • drumlin • cirque • loess • abrasion • mudflow

  38. Occurs when sand particles rub against the surface of rocks • continental glacier • outwash plain • valley glacier • cirque • drumlin • mass movement • loess • slump • abrasion

  39. Where meltwater flows and deposits • continental glacier • slump • outwash plain • cirque • drumlin • mass movement • loess • abrasion • mudflow

  40. Swiftly moving mixture of mud and water sometimes triggered by an earthquake • continental glacier • outwash plain • valley glacier • cirque • drumlin • mass movement • mudflow • abrasion • slump

  41. A landslide in which earth material rotates and slides along a curved surface • continental glacier • outwash plain • valley glacier • cirque • drumlin • mass movement • loess • abrasion • slump

  42. An elongated landform produced when glaciers move over older moraines • continental glacier • outwash plain • valley glacier • cirque • drumlin • mass movement • loess • abrasion • mudflow

  43. After weathering processes take place, mass movements may occur. • True • False

  44. A landslide in which layers of snow slide down a mountainside at speeds of up to 300km/hr is a(n) rockslide. • True • False

  45. Because a heavy saturation of water greatly increases the weight of soils, the force of friction is more likely to pull the material downhill. • True • False

  46. The best way to reduce the number of disasters related to mass movements is to relocate people. • True • False

  47. A method of transport by which strong winds cause particles to stay airborne for long distances is called saltation. • True • False

  48. The structure shown in the illustration below is shaped by wind-blown sediments and is called a(n) ventifact. • True • False

  49. Many parts of Earth’s surface are covered by thick layers of windblown silt that are called loess. • True • False

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