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Imperial Rome

Imperial Rome. Images of a culture. Roman Empire, 40 BC. Augustus Caesar, Princeps 27 BC–AD 14. Augustan Age 27 BC-AD 14 Political Reforms Economic Reforms Military Reforms Moral Reforms Propaganda Post-Augustan Dynasties to AD 180 Conditions at Home Conditions on the Frontier

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Imperial Rome

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  1. Imperial Rome Images of a culture

  2. Roman Empire, 40 BC

  3. Augustus Caesar, Princeps 27 BC–AD 14

  4. Augustan Age 27 BC-AD 14 Political Reforms Economic Reforms Military Reforms Moral Reforms Propaganda Post-Augustan Dynasties to AD 180 Conditions at Home Conditions on the Frontier Life in Rome ca. AD 100 Urban Life Agriculture Culture Imperial Rome

  5. Rule of Augustus (27 BC-AD 14) • Principate (Augustan Settlement) retained military imperium • Pax Romana • Octavian becomes Augustus (man of honor) • Elected Consul (31 BC) • Tribune powers granted permanently (27 BC) • Marked the beginning of the Roman Empire

  6. Roman Empire, AD 14

  7. Julio-Claudian Dynasty Augustus Caesar 27 BC–AD 14 Tiberius Caesar 14–37 Gaius (Caligula) 37–41 Claudius 41–54 Nero 54–69 Year of the Four Emperors AD 69 Galba Otho Vitellius Vespasian—> Flavian Dynasty Vespasian 69–79 Titus 79–81 Domitian 81–96 The “Good Emperors” Nerva 96–98 Trajan 98–117 Hadrian 117–138 Antoninus Pius 138–161 Marcus Aurelius 161–180 Dynasties and Key Emperors

  8. Life in Rome, ca. AD 100 • Culture • Coinage • Architecture: new town and aquaducts • Communications • Education: private and expensive • Popular interests: gladitorial contests • City Life: Rome, Pompeii • Agriculture • Signs of trouble in 2nd Century

  9. Roman Roads, Via Appia

  10. Hadrian’s Wall, AD 130s

  11. Roman Coin, ca. 2nd Century

  12. Flavian Amphitheater in Rome AD 80

  13. Interior Flavian Amphitheater (Colosseum)

  14. Gladiator Figures

  15. Pantheon, Exterior

  16. Pantheon, Interior Dome

  17. Roman Baths (Bath, England)

  18. Roman Aquaduct

  19. Urban Setting, Rome ca. 100 B.C.

  20. Destruction of Pompeii, AD 79

  21. Street in Pompeii

  22. Pompeii, amphitheatre

  23. Pompeii, villa (house)

  24. Pompeii, villa (atrium)

  25. Pompeii, storefront

  26. Pompeii, shop interior

  27. Pompeii, bakery

  28. Pompeii, tavern interior

  29. Life in Rome, AD 100-200 • Agriculture • Signs of Trouble in the 2nd century (101-200) • Population Stagnant/Declining • Intellectual • Political/Military • Spiritual • Christianity • Political Innovations after 200

  30. Roman Empire, AD 116

  31. The Growth of Christianity • Atmosphere in which it grew • Palestine • Philosophies and Cults • What aided its expansion? • Evangelists, “classlessness,” siege mentality, martyrdoms, sense of moral superiority, organization • What hindered its expansion? • Persecutions, divisions within its ranks • Eventual growth into state religion

  32. Political Developments within the Roman Empire, 3rd-5th centuries • Militarization of the state under Septimus Severus • Series of rulers chosen by army (Barracks Emperors) • Division of the Empire (Diocletian) • Tetrarchy: 2 Augusti & 2 Caesars Prefectures & dioceses • Reassertion of Unity (Constantine) • Growing Threat of Barbarian Migrations • Fall of Western Empire

  33. Roman Empire, ca. 330

  34. Split of the Roman Empire • 2nd century: power shifted from Rome to the eastern provinces. • Diocletian (r. 284-305): tetrarchy: prefectures & dioceses • Constantine the Great (r. 306-337) • Constantinople became capital (330) • Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) • More urbanized east, Greek influence • Lasted until 1453 when conquered by Ottoman Turks

  35. Roman Empire, AD 476

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