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Early Earth Workshop Professor Michael Williams. EVOLUTION on the pre-Phanerozoic Earth. Professor Lynn Margulis Department of Geosciences University of Massachusetts-Amherst. REVOLUTION in EVOLUTION. pre-Phanerozoic?. EVERYTHING HAPPENED!. GAIA, the living Earth from space.
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Early Earth Workshop Professor Michael Williams EVOLUTION on the pre-Phanerozoic Earth Professor Lynn Margulis Department of Geosciences University of Massachusetts-Amherst
REVOLUTION in EVOLUTION pre-Phanerozoic?
JAMES LOVELOCK The hypothesis and its extensions mention “some illustrious predecessors” Emily Dickinson Wm Buckland Chas DARWIN V.I.Vernadsky
Darwinian time & Vernadskyian space Charles Darwin 1809-1888 Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky 1883-1945
reactive gases (oxygen, methane, CO2) acidity (pH) biomineralization, cloud condensation nuclei and oceanic rain, gaian mountains, plate tectonics, WATER RETENTION
EONS Archean 3900-2500 Proterozoic 2500-541 Phanerozoic 541-0
What evolves? Populations of individuals?
first appearance in the fossil record 1st nucleated cells o NOW EONS HADEAN ARCHEAN PROTEROZOIC PHANEROZOIC
EVOLUTION components of the process 1. Population growth (“biotic potential”) 2. Inherited changes 3. Natural selection
EVOLUTION components of the process 1. Population growth (“biotic potential”)
2. Inherited changes A process of innovation
EVOLUTION 2. Inherited changes
A process of elimination 3. Natural selection
EVOLUTION 2. Inherited changes
EVOLUTION 2. Inherited changes
EVOLUTION inheritance of “acquired characteristics” ?
INHERITED CHANGES Random DNA mutations Chromosomal changes (karyotypic fission, polyploidy) Larval transfer (D.I. Williamson) SYMBIOGENESIS
EVOLUTION no, SYMBIOGENESIS
EVOLUTION inheritance of “acquired genomes”
Evolution of chimaeras
Symbiogenesis Famintzyn Kozo-Polyanski 1845-1905 1890-1957 Symbionticism Wallin Mereschkhovski 1869-1910 1883-1969 1883-1969
SYMBIOSIS long term physical association between members of different species SYMBIOGENESIS new behaviors, organelles, tissues, organisms, species as consequence of symbioses
SYMBIOSIS or SYMBIOGENESIS ?