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SECTION 9-3 Representative Articulations

SECTION 9-3 Representative Articulations. Intervertebral articulations. Gliding joints Vertebral bodies form symphyseal joints cushioned by intervertebral discs Outer anulus fibrosus and inner nucleus pulposus Stabilized by ligaments. Figure 9.7 Intervertevbral Articulations. Figure 9.7.

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SECTION 9-3 Representative Articulations

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  1. SECTION 9-3Representative Articulations

  2. Intervertebral articulations • Gliding joints • Vertebral bodies form symphyseal joints cushioned by intervertebral discs • Outer anulus fibrosus and inner nucleus pulposus • Stabilized by ligaments

  3. Figure 9.7 Intervertevbral Articulations Figure 9.7

  4. Figure 9.8 Damage to the Intervertebral Discs Figure 9.8

  5. Shoulder joint (glenohumoral joint) • Glenoid cavity and head of humerus • Ball and socket diarthroses • Stabilized by ligaments • Strength and stability sacrificed for range of motion

  6. Figure 9.9 The Shoulder Joint Figure 9.9a

  7. Figure 9.9 The Shoulder Joint Figure 9.9b

  8. The elbow joint • Permits only flexion and extension • Hinge diarthroses • Reinforced with strong ligaments PLAY Animation: Clavicle & Scapula

  9. Hip joint • Ball and socket diarthroses • Acetabulum and head of femur • Permits flexion/extension, abduction/ adduction, circumduction, rotation • Stabilized by numerous ligaments

  10. Figure 9.11 The Hip Joint Figure 9.11

  11. Knee joint • Hinge joint with incomplete articular capsule • Formed by the condyles of the femur and the condylar surfaces of the tibia • Accessory structures help stabilize lateral movements • Permits flexion/extension, limited rotation • Supported by ligaments PLAY Animation: Hip

  12. Figure 9.12 The Knee Joint Figure 9.12a, b

  13. Figure 9.12 The Knee Joint Figure 9.12c, d

  14. SECTION 9-4Aging and Articulations

  15. Joint problems with aging • Joint problems associated with aging • Relatively common • Rheumatism – general term for pain and stiffness in muscular and skeletal elements • Arthritis – all rheumatic diseases affecting synovial joints

  16. SECTION 9-5Bones and Muscles

  17. Musculoskeletal system • Encompasses the extensive interactions between the muscular and skeletal systems

  18. You should now be familiar with: • The major categories of joints, and the relationship between structure and function for each. • The structure of a synovial joint. • The dynamic movements of the skeleton. • The types of synovial joint, and the relationship of structure to function in each.

  19. You should now be familiar with: • The structure and function of the vertebrae, shoulder, elbow, hip and knee joints. • The relationship between joint strength and mobility. • The effects of aging on the joints.

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