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Ecosystem resilience to climate change at the land-ocean interface. Climate change Sea level rise, bleaching, storm frequency and intensity, acidification, habitat shift, etc. The Global Programme of Action. The challenge ….
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Ecosystem resilience to climate change at the land-ocean interface
Climate change Sea level rise, bleaching, storm frequency and intensity, acidification, habitat shift, etc
The challenge … • To help governments build the resilience of coastal systems by developing, mainstreaming and implementing comprehensive, continuous and adaptive programmes of action
Comprehensive … • Set SMART targets for: • Nutrients – agriculture, sewage, atmospheric • POPs, Heavy metals and hydrocarbons • Litter • Radioactive waste • Sediment • Physical alteration and destruction of habitat
Continuing … • Appropriately financed • Domestic revenue • Tariffs and taxes • Subsidies and MBIs • Bonds • Multilateral finance • Reporting and accountability framework
Adaptive … • Science-based • Management monitoring • Bio-physical monitoring • Programmed reviews • Structured and empowered governance mechanism
Ecosystem-based management • Decentralize or coordinate? • Involve municipal authorities • Involve communities, non-governmental stakeholders • Inter-agency responses