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Computer Systems

Computer Systems. Nat 4/5 Computing Science Translator Programs. Lesson Aims. By the end of this lesson: All pupils will be able to: Describe and compare the following types of languages: Machine Code High Level Languages Describe why High Level Languages require translation.

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Computer Systems

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  1. Computer Systems Nat 4/5 Computing Science Translator Programs

  2. Lesson Aims • By the end of this lesson: • All pupils will be able to: • Describe and compare the following types of languages: • Machine Code • High Level Languages • Describe why High Level Languages require translation. • Describe how interpreters and compilers function.

  3. Nat 4/5 Types Of Languages • Machine Code is made up of only 2 symbols. • 1 and 0 (On and Off) • High Level Languages such as Visual Basic are written using some English words. • They are not written IN english!

  4. Nat 4/5 High Level Languages

  5. Nat 4/5 Why do we need them? • The source code you write is instructions for the computer • They are in a High Level Language • The computer needs these instructions translated into machine code • It’s the only language it understands!

  6. Nat 4/5 Types of Translators • These programs convert High Level Language Source code into machine code (binary) • Interpreter • Translates and executes one line at a time • Compiler • Translates and executes the entire program at once • This program can then be ran repeatedly Think complete!

  7. Nat 4/5 Interpreter • Functions like a spoken language interpreter. • Translates and executes a single line at a time • The interpreter is ALWAYS loaded in memory • Error feedback is provided line by line • Like in Smallbasic • Interpreted programs have to be re-interpreted every single execution

  8. Nat 4/5 How an interpreter works Original Source Code Pctoutput.isible = true Interpreter Pctoutput.print “Hello” 1001 1000 1100 1110 0011 1001 1000 1100 1110 0011 Syntax Error

  9. 1001 1000 1100 1110 0011 1010 1010 1010 0111 0011 Nat 4/5 How the compiler works Can be saved and ran later Original Source Code Pctoutput.isible = true Pctoutput.print “Hello” Object Code Compiler Syntax Error

  10. Nat 4/5 Summary • Compilers translate source code once into an executable program • Only has to be translated once! • Cannot see the source code in a compiled program • Interpreters translate source code line by line • Always has to be re-interpreted • Spots errors line by line

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