U.S. Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Policy and Program Update

1. U.S. Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Policy and Program Update The Third Annual European Defence Geospatial Intelligence Conference (DGI 2007) London 24 January 2007 Robert Crane, Senior Advisor U.S. National Coordination Office for Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT)

2. Overview • Current Constellation & Performance • Modernization Plans • International Cooperation • U.S. Space-Based PNT Policy • Summary

3. Current Constellation 30 Operational Satellites (Baseline Constellation: 24) • 15 Block II/IIA satellites operational • 12 Block IIR satellites operational • Modernizing 6 remaining Block IIR satellites • 3 Block IIR-M satellites operational • Transmitting new second civil signal (L2C) • Continuously assessing constellation health to determine launch need • New IIR-M satellite launched – Nov 06 • Next launch: Summer 2007 • Global GPS civil service performance commitment met continuously since 1993 • System Performance Far Exceeds Current Standard

4. Alaska United Kingdom St. Louis, MO Colorado Springs USNO Korea Hawaii Cape Canaveral Austin, TX Bahrain Kwajalein Ecuador Ascension Diego Garcia Tahiti South Africa Argentina Australia New Zealand GPS Monitor Stations NGA Site (11) (8 on-line with MCS) NGA Test Site (2) USAF Site (6) U.S. Monitoring Sites

5. Benefits of GPS Modernization • System-wide service improvements in: • Accuracy • Availability • Integrity • Reliability • Backward compatibility • Robustness against interference • Improved indoor, mobile and urban use • Interoperability with other GNSS constellations

6. GPS III • Next-generation satellite bus needed to accommodate increasing power requirements • Revised acquisition strategy: • Development approach to reduce risk, increase flexibility • Separate contracts for space and ground segments • Civil benefits: • Provides operational capability for L2C and L5 • In combination with GPS IIR-M and IIF satellites • Delivers L1C for interoperability with Galileo, QZSS • Significant increase in system accuracy • Improved availability of accuracy with integrity

7. U.S. International Cooperation • Formal cooperative arrangements with Europe, Russia and Japan, since 1996 • To ensure compatibility (non-interference) and interoperability with foreign systems • To maintain and promote a level playing field in the global market • Ongoing efforts with Australia, India, Brazil and others • Multilateral cooperation established through International Committee on GNSS • As well as ICAO, IMO, and NATO

8. U.S. Policy • First “U.S. GPS Policy” – 1996 • U.S. Space-Based Positioning, Navigation and Timing Policy • Signed on December 8, 2004 • emerging national and international markets for GPS and related applications • dependence and reliance on space-based PNT services • a global utility

9. 2004 U.S. Space-Based PNT Policy • Updates USG position while retaining principles of previous policy • Provides framework for decision makers • Improves ability to coordinate efforts across the various agencies of the USG • Facilitates dialogue among stakeholders • Promotes common standards

10. 2004 U.S. Space-Based PNTPolicy Summary Renews USG commitment for — • Uninterrupted availability of PNT services • Continuous improvement of civil and military performance of space-based PNT • Interference resistance and denial of hostile use of service • Providing world class service, free of direct user fees • Compatibility and Interoperability with international systems

11. National Space-Based PNT Executive Committee • National Space-Based PNT Executive Committee established in 2004 U.S. Policy • Chaired by Deputy Secretaries of Defense and Transportation • Membership includes: State, Commerce, Homeland Security, JCS and NASA • Executive Committee met four times in 2006 • Next meeting Spring 2007 • Supported by a new National Coordination Office • National Coordination Office (NCO) was established with staff from each member agency • Director, Deputy Director, and 6 staff

12. Key Executive Committee Actions • 5-Year National Space-Based PNT Plan • Plan is in draft and FY08 program assessment is in progress • Interference Detection and Mitigation • Department of Homeland Security coordinating U.S. capabilities to detect and mitigate sources of interference to GPS and its augmentations • National Space-Based PNT Architecture • Led by DoD’s National Security Space Office and DOT’s Research and Innovative Technology Administration

13. Key Executive Committee Actions(continued) • U.S. Space-Based PNT Advisory Board • Conduct assessments and make recommendations to accomplish policy goals and objectives • Membership being finalized • Meets Spring 2007 • Outreach

14. www.PNT.govwww.GPS.gov

15. Summary • Implementing U.S. National Space-Based PNT Policy • Coordination Office activated on 1 Nov 05 • Executive Committee meeting regularly • U.S. policy encourages and promotes worldwide use of civil GPS and augmentations • Compatibility and Interoperability with other GNSS systems • International coordination and cooperation is a U.S. priority • Strongly support International Committee on GNSS • GPS performance is getting better and will continue to improve • Augmentations enable high performance today • First new GPS signal now available • Continuous improvements

16. Contact Information Michael E. Shaw, Director Michael.Shaw@PNT.gov Colonel Dan Jordan, USAF, Deputy Director Dan.Jordan@PNT.gov Robert Crane, Senior Advisor Robert.Crane@PNT.gov National Coordination Office for Space-Based PNT Herbert C. Hoover Commerce Building, Room 6822 1401 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20230 Phone: (202) 482-5809 Fax: (202) 482-4429 www.PNT.govwww.GPS.gov