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Chapter 1

Intro to Statistics. Chapter 1. What is statistics…. The science of data. Individuals:. The objects described by a set of data. Examples: People Animals Things. Variables:. Any characteristics of an individual. Categorical variable:

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Chapter 1

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  1. Intro to Statistics Chapter 1

  2. What is statistics…. • The science of data.

  3. Individuals: • The objects described by a set of data. • Examples: • People • Animals • Things

  4. Variables: • Any characteristics of an individual. • Categorical variable: • Places an individual into one of several groups or categories. • Quantitative variable: • Takes numerical values for which arithmetic operations such as adding and averaging make sense.

  5. Example 1.1: Fuel-efficient cars • Here is a small part of a data set that describes the fuel economy (in miles per gallon) of 1998 model motor vehicles: • What are the individuals in this data set? • For each individual, what variables are given? • Which of these variables are categorical and which are quantitative?

  6. Distribution: • The pattern of variation of the variable.

  7. Displaying Categorical Variables: • The distribution of a categorical variable lists the categories and gives either a count or percent of the individuals who fall in each category. 1. Bar graph 2. Pie chart

  8. Ex 1. Bar Graph… • What is your favorite way of communicating with friends?

  9. Ex 2. Pie Chart… • What is your gender?

  10. Displaying Quantitative Variables: 1. Dotplot 2. Stemplot 3. Histogram 4. Boxplot

  11. Ex 1. Dotplot… • What is your height in inches?

  12. Ex 2. Stemplots… • What is the fastest speed you have ever driven? • Create a stemplot that is not gender specific. • Create a back-to-back stemplot based on gender.

  13. Ex 3. Histogram… • How old is Mr. Padavil?

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