Sustainable Buildings

1. Sustainable Buildings Georges Deschamps European Commission Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development

2. R&D Projects selected in 2000 • Holographic Elements for High Efficiency Illumination, Solar Control and PV in Buildings • BIOFLAM: Application of Liquid Biofuels in New Heating Technologies for Domestic Appliances • WARMIT (CRAFT):Development of a Simpler, Low Cost, Heat Recovery Technology • Development of a Low Temperature Absorption Chiller for Large Scale Solar Cooling in the Building Sector

3. Holographic Elements for High Efficiency Illumination, Solar Control and Photovoltaic Power in Buildings • Duration: 36 months • Starting date: 1/3/2001 • Partners:Umwelt Campus Birkenfeld (DE), Stilvi (EL), CNRS Aubière (FR), U. Blaise Pascal (FR), GLB (DE), U. Southampton (UK), KINON (DE), U. Wismar (DE) • Objectives:To produce holographic elements with a high potential for energy saving for illuminating remote room areas with diffuse or direct light as well as for efficient solar control to reduce cooling loads and for light concentrating systems to enhance effectiveness of solar heating panels.

4. BIOFLAM: Application of Liquid Biofuels in New Heating Technologies for Domestic Appliances • Duration: 48 months • Starting date: 1/2/2001 • Partners: OMV (AT), RWTH (DE), U. Nürnberg (DE), Hovalwerke AG (LIE), IST (ES), NTUA (EL), Plasma Jet Technical Coating (CH), Center Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique (CH), European Heating Boilers Assoc.. (DE) • Objectives:To develop a novel generation of burners based on cool flame technology capable to burn any mixture of conventional and biofuels.

5. WARMIT (CRAFT)Development of a Simpler, Low Cost, Heat Recovery Technology • Duration: 24 months • Starting date: 1/1/2001 • Partners: HRS Spiratube (ES), AK Industries (UK), Select Moulds (UK), Metallisation Ltd.... (UK), KEN Maskinfabrik (DK), Grama Blend (DE), PERA (UK) • Objectives: To recover low-grade heat from waste waters of dishwashers, washing machines etc. by novel heat exchanger design and materials.

6. Large Scale Solar Cooling:Development of a Low Temperature Absorption Chiller for Large Scale Solar Cooling in the Building Sector • Duration: 24 months • Starting date: 1/2/2001 • Partners: IC-Consulenten (AT), Solid (AT), Arsenal (AT), CIT Energy Management (SE), World Solar Business & Investment Council (FR) • Objectives: To develop an advanced ammonia absorption cooling technology with up to 30 kW power to integrate air conditioning systems in large scale solar systems for buildings

7. Long-term Projects selected in February 2001 • RES.HY.VENT : Demand controlled hybrid Ventilation in Residential Buildings with integration of Renewable • H.O.P.E: Health optimization protocol for energy-efficient buildings • REFRAME: New window framing technologies for aerogel and other highly insulating glazing • ELEVAG:Electrochromic evacuated advanced glazing • SMARTWIN II:New liquid-crystal smart window and its production process • COLOURFACE: Collector Façades for Solar Heating systems and Building Insulation

8. RESidential HYbrid VENTilation • Partnership: 22 research institutes and industries grouped in 4 consortia (NO, S, NL, FR ) • Objectives: To determine the impact of ventilation on the reduction of CO² emissions and the energy demand, to integrate renewables with ventilation and to prepare recommendations for standardization bodies • Tasks: Develop and build complete demand-controlled hybrid ventilation systems in 4 European climate zones • Expected results: (1)Four prototypes tested (2) Generic reports on specifications (3) Design guidelines and boundary conditions for industrial development (4) Dissemination to EU countries and Eastern Europe

9. H.O.P.E: Health optimization protocol for energy-efficient buildings • Duration: 36 Months • Startingdate: end 2001 • Partnership: 14 Universities, Research Inst..and SME’s from 9 countries (NL, CH, DK, FIN, UK, D, P, I, CZ) • Objectives: To consolidate and build upon the results of EU R&D on IAQ in order to provide energy-efficient “healthy” buildings • Tasks:Develop a protocol for testing health and energy performance criteria, study 180 office and apartment buildings (20 per country) and detailed survey of 32 buildings, Website Database and manual for architects and building managers with guidelines for building renovation

10. RE-FRAMENew Window Framing Technologies for Aerogel and Other Highly Insulating Glazing • Duration: 36 months • Starting date: end 2001 • Partners: Esbensen & Partners (DK), Oskomera (NL), Schweizer (CH), TU Denmark (DK), FhG-ISE (DE), Holscher (DK), Studio E (UK), TU München (DE) • Objectives: To develop 3 generations of new window framing designs in order to obtain highly insulation frames and transitions to the façade. • Tasks: Novel materials and sealing technologies will be tested.

11. ELEVAG: Electrochromic evacuated advanced glazing” • Duration: 36 Months • Startingdate: 2001 • Partners: ICE (EL), U. Patras (EL), U. Ulster (UK), U. Manchester (UK)U; Lund (SE), U. Krakov (PL), Uniglass Ltd.(EL), Toughglass Ltd.(UK), Patsis Glass (EL) • Objectives:To develop an evacuated glazing combining optimum control of solar radiation with a high degree of thermal insulation. • Tasks: Optimization of electrochromic materials and vacuum sealing techniques. • Results: Prototypes manufactured and tested under real conditions in Northern Europe and the Mediterranean area.

12. SMARTWIN IINew Liquid Crystal Smart Window and its Production Process • Duration: 36 months • Starting date: end 2001 • Partners: TU Denmark (DK), CNRS Toulouse (FR), Polymage (FR), Duna Design (ES), Bartenbach Lichtlabor (AT), CSTB (FR) • Objectives: To realize a pre-industrial production process of a smart window using liquid crystal polymer composite technology. • Tasks: The glass has three modes: transparent, reflective and scattering. Samples up to 1m2 will be manufactured.

13. COLOURFACE : Coloured Collector Façades for Solar Heating systems and Building Insulation • Duration: 24 months • Starting date: end2001 • Partners: Doma (A), KIMI (SI), Corona (D), Nuss (A), VMZ (A), Wagner (D) • Objectives:To lower emittance of solar absorbers coatings • Tasks: Development of selective coatings for unglazed façade collectors and assess durability

14. Short-term projects selected in march 2001 (TREN) • Solar Air Conditioning in Europe • Integrated Fuel Cell/ Heat Pump system • POWERMAN SWITCH: Energy consumption Management system based on a punctual electrical control device • Energy-efficient behaviour in Office buildings • Widespread exploitation of Building-integrated PV in Northern Europe

15. Short-term projects selected in march 2001 (2) • NUMELITE: Integrated approach to design high-intensity discharge lighting systems • UNIVERSOL: Grid-connected PV systems integrated in Educational and cultural facilities • HOSPITALS: Energy conscious European Hospitals and health care buildings • PV-STARLET: Photovoltaics standardised tiles for roofing • IDEEB: Intelligently designed Energy efficient buildings - Assessment and control by Eco-factor system

16. FP5 Energy programme schedule • Three calls for Energy R&D proposals occurred in 1999 and 2000 • Fourth Call: Two deadlines : 9 February and 14 december 2001 • Programme included in Dec.2001: • Short-term R&D: Target Actions include “Fuel Cells” , “Sustainable Communities” and “Eco-Building” and the General Call everything as in March 2001 • Long-term R&D: Same as in February 2001

17. The European Research Area

18. European Research Area approved by the EC on 4/10/ 2000, Five new Research Programmes approved by EC on 30 May 2001 including “Integrating and strengthening the ERA” (~12.5G€) Three New tools: 1)Networks of Excellence 2) Integrated Projects 3) Participation in national programmes 7 thematic priority areas including: “Sustainable development and global change” (~1.7G€) Next Programme (2002-2006)

19. FP6DRAFT PROGRAMME “Sustainable Development & Global Change is one of the 7 priority thematic areas in the specific programme for “Focusing and Integrating research”

20. E.R.A (2002-2006) EEC Treaty EURATOM Treaty Focusing and Integrating Community Research Strengthnening the foundations of the E.R.A. Structuring the E.R.A. J.R.C. Nuclear Fission & Fusion 7- Citizen & governance ANTICIPATING R&D NEEDS ; SME’s ; IN.CO. 6 - SUST. DEV. GLOB. CH. 4 - AERO /SPACE 2- I.S.T. 3 -NANO TECH. 1-BIO- TECHN. 5 - FOOD SHORT/MEDIUM TERM < 2010 LONG-TERM > 2010 FUEL CELLS HYDROGEN PV and other R.E. INTELLIGENT TRANSP. INTEGR. TRANSP. MODES R.E.S. & M. E.C.U.E. & TRANSP. Includ. CHP for Buildings Incl.ud. BIPV

21. “Sustainable energy systems” (draft jan. 2002) • Short & medium-term R&D: Renewable energy sources,…in urban areas, …and energy efficiency in Buildings. • Long-term R&D: Fuel Cells…. includingCHP stationary applications; PV systems …including building-integrated PV.

22. FP6 roadmap : 10 jan.2002 : Commission adoptedFP6 “ Rules of participation and dissemination” 28 jan. 2002 : Council adopted “Common position” on ERA and Framework Programme 11 march 2002 : Council orientation debate on the 5 Specific programmes11-13 nov.2002 : FP6 kick-off Conference, Brussels

23. RATIONALES • Directive 93/76 on energy efficiency in buildings ====> important benefits but needs to be complemented by new measures. • May & Dec. 2000: Action Plans on Energy Efficiency endorsed by the Council EC to take initiatives in the building sector. • March 2001: Proposal for a new Directive on “Energy performance of Buildings” has been presented by the Commission to the E. Parliament and E. Council===> Energy efficiency technologies to reduce fossil fuel demand aim for 12 % reduction by 2010.

24. STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES • Reduction of greenhouse gases & pollutant emissions. • Security of energy supplies. • Balanced use of various transport modes. • Competitiveness of EU industry.

25. TARGETS • Short-term goals for 2010 • Deployment of demonstrated technologies. • Promotion of changes in energy use & transport behavior. • Long-term goals (beyond 2010) • RTD for more cost-effective technologies • Overcoming barriers for adoption of RES, H2 and fuel cells.