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World War II. Poland Attacked: Sept. 1, 1939. Blitzkrieg. German Troops March into Warsaw. Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis, 1940. The Tripartite Pact. European Theater of Operations. The “Phony War” Ends: Spring, 1940. Dunkirk Evacuated June 4, 1940. France Surrenders June, 1940.
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World War II
Poland Attacked: Sept. 1, 1939 Blitzkrieg
Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis, 1940 The Tripartite Pact
A Divided France Henri Petain
The Atlantic Charter: August, 1941 1941 FDR and Churchill approve the Atlantic Charter which supported self-determination, a new permanent system of general security (a new League of Nations), and the right of people to regain governments abolished by dictators.
3,000,000 German soldiers 3,400 tanks
The “Big Three” Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin
WWII was fought on two fronts: In the Pacific: Japanese forces reached their height of power in 1942. In Europe, most of the fighting in 1942 was between the Soviets and the Germans, as the Soviets attempted to repel the Nazi invasion. All sides engaged in civilian bombing.
High tide for Axis ends in 1942, as US enters war and because the Soviets win at Stalingrad. Turning Point in the East: Stalingrad
The North Africa Campaign: The Battle of El Alamein, 1942 Gen. Ernst Rommel,The “Desert Fox” Gen. Montgomery(“Monty”)
Turning Point in North Africa: El Alamein: German forces out of N. Africa by May, 1943:Operation Torch
Sicily was occupied in 1943,Mussolini removed from power, but Germans save him from mountaintop prison and return him to power in N. Italy, which is occupied by Germans until 1945.
Casablanca, January, 1943:FDR and Churchill agree to step up Pacific war, invade Sicily, increase pressure on Italy and insist on an unconditional surrender of Germany.
Teheran Conference, November, 1943: Allies agree to launch attacks from Russia on the east at the same time as US and Great Britain attack from west.
Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day “Operation Overlord”
The largest invasion by sea in history, the Allies secured several beachheads on the Normandy Coast.
The Battle of the Bulge:Hitler’s Last Offensive Dec. 16, 1944toJan. 28, 1945
The Americans reorganized, won the Battle of the Bulge and move towards Germany. Horrors of the Holocaust begin to be uncovered as the Allies and Soviets each advance towards Berlin.
Yalta: February, 1945 Stalin agreed that Poland would have free elections after the war and that the Soviets would attack Japan within three months of the collapse of Germany. Soviets receive territory in Manchuria and several islands; USSR agrees to join the United Nations on condition that she has three seats on the Security Council, along with USA, Britain, France and China.
US & Russian Soldiers Meet at the Elbe River: April 25, 1945
The Pacific Theater
Bataan Death March - April, 1942 76,000 prisoners [12,000 Americans] Marched 60 miles in the blazing heat to POW camps in the Philippines.
Approximately 2,800 Kamikaze attackers sunk 34 Navy ships, damaged 368 others, killed 4,900 sailors, and wounded over 4,800