Review Questions

1. Review Questions Start with the white board

3. A= Big noses a= small noses What genotypes could give you a big nose? BB or Bb What genotypes would give you a small nose? bb Give the phenotype for someone who is a hybrid. Bb= BIG NOSE

4. A= Big noses a= small noses What is the phenotypic ratio? 3:1 What is the genotypic ratio? 1:2:1

5. A= Big noses a= small noses Cross a heterozygous big nose parent with a homozygous recessive parent. What percent of the children would have small noses? 50 %

6. Gerald is heterozygous for his little ears and meets Tammy who has humungous ears. What is the dominant phenotype? Little Ears What is Tammy’s genotype? ee homozygous recessive What are the chances of the two having offspring with HUGE ears? 50%

7. In fruit flies, red eyes (R) are dominant over white eyes (r). • If you crossed a homozygous dominant with a heterozygous fly. What percent would have white eyes? R R 0% White Eyes What would be the genotypic ratio? R RR RR What would be the phenotypic ratio? r Rr Rr 2:2:0 4:0

8. R r r r Rr Rr rr rr If Red flowers are incompletely dominant to white flowers, Show the cross between a pink and a white flower. What percent of the flowers would have red petals? 0 % are red What is the phenotypic ratio? 2: 2: 0

9. Quick Question!

10. The combination of alleles an organism inherits for a particular trait is called it’s ___________ Genotype

11. Genotype in which an organism inherits two of the same alleles is called __________ Homozygous

12. Genes occupy a specific location on _____________ Chromosomes

13. Who is the “Father of Genetics”? Gregor Mendel

14. Any error made in DNA is called a Mutation

15. Where are proteins made? Ribosomes

16. Long chains of amino acids make a __________ Protein

17. What must be copied before Mitosis begins?

18. DNA (replication)

19. All the cells of the human body have 46 chromosomes. How many would be found in a cloned cell?

20. 46

21. Where in the cell is DNA located?

22. The Nucleus

23. What is NOT true of DNA • It is located in the nucleus • It delivers information for making proteins to the ribosome. • It provides instructions for controling cell activities • It is found in all living organisms • All of these are true

24. Genes are located on _____________________.

25. Chromosomes

26. A DNA molecule is made up of __________________, which have three parts.

27. Nucleotides

28. Nucleotides are made up of ________________, _______________, and __________________.

29. 5-Carbon sugar, Phosphate group, and a Nitrogen Base

30. Which bases pair up with each other in DNA?

31. Adenine=ThymineCytosine=Guanine

32. The process of copying a DNA strand is called _____________________.

33. Replication

34. 1.     Make a complimentary DNA strand:ATT GCG CAA GTA TGA

35. ATT GCG CAA GTA TGA TAA CGC G TT CAT ACT

36.   Since DNA cannot leave the nucleus, __________ copies the DNA code and takes this information to the ribosome to assemble proteins.

37. mRNA or messenger RNA

38. RNA contains the same bases as DNA except Thymine is replaced with ___________________.

39. Uracil

40.    Make a complimentary RNA strand:TTG ACG AAT CGA TGA

41. TTG ACG AAT CGA TGA AAC U G C U UA G C U AC U

42.    Every three bases makes a ________________.

43. Codon

44. tRNA matches up with each codon on the mRNA to make one ___________ ____________

45. Amino Acid

46. Long chains of amino acids make ____________________.

47. Proteins

48. What makes up the backbone (sides) of a DNA molecule?

49. Phosphate group and Sugar

50. $100 Any change in the DNA sequence is called _____________.