C vs C++

1. CS-240 Data Structures Binghamton University Dick Steflik C vs C++

2. C++ was originally developed to be the next version of C, not a new language.

3. Similarities • same built-in data types • same compiler preprocessor • handles #include & #define • conditional preprocessing #if, #ifndef and #endef • same built-in operators on primitive types (+-/*……)

4. Similarities (cont.) • Same built-in control structures • if, for, while, switch …. • must have a function names “main” to determine where the program starts • functions are defined the same way • programs can be split up into separate files

5. Differences • in C all code exists in function and the paradigm is that you manipulate data with functions • in C++ classes are used to model the behavior of data objects, behavior is represented by functions and those functions are used to modify the object’s data

6. Differences (cont.) • in C a struct is used to make an aggregate type and cannot have associated functions • in C++ struct there may be associated (part of the struct) functions to process the data • in C I/O is accomplished via library functions, in C++ it is done by using object methods.

7. Differences • C++ has function overloading (two functions may have the same name), in C function names must be unique. • C++ has operator overloading (operators can be redefined to do other things) • C++ uses “nbew” and “delete” for dynamic memory management, C uses “malloc” and “free”

8. Simple C Program # include <stdio.h> int main(void) { printf(“Hello World\n”); return 0; }

9. Software development in CS-240 • various version of the GNU C++ Compiler • cygwin – unix like environment is on all PODS windows machines • Debian Linux – on all Linux Lab Machines • KNOPPIX – a bootable CDROM version of Linux (bring a 700 Mb CD to my office and I will burn a copy for you) • coLinux – installs as an icon on your Wondows desktop, KDE version of Debian (this is an easy way to get wireless internet for Linux). I will help you do this if you want to try it. Doesn’t require dual boot or a full Linux install • available on your Sun accounts • Eclipse w/c++ plugin and w/minGW – GUI IDE on Windows • Eclipse w/C++ plugin - GUI IDE on Linux

10. Simple C++ Program #include <iostream.h> int main(void) { cout << “Hello World\n”; return 0; }