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Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy

Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy. ATP. fuel (carbohydrates). CO 2 + H 2 O + heat. ATP. O 2. O 2. food (carbohydrates). “Burn fuels” to make energy. combustion making heat energy by burning fuels in one step. aerobic respiration

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Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy

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  1. Cellular RespirationHarvesting Chemical Energy ATP

  2. fuel(carbohydrates) CO2 + H2O + heat ATP O2 O2 food(carbohydrates) “Burn fuels” to make energy combustion making heat energy by burning fuels in one step aerobic respiration making ATP energy (& some heat) by burning fuels in many small steps ATP + CO2 + H2O (+ heat)

  3. Energy needs of life • Animals are energy consumers • What do we need energy for? • synthesis (building for growth) • reproduction • active transport • movement • temperature control (making heat)

  4. Where do we get energy? • Energy is stored in organic molecules • carbohydrates, fats, proteins • Animals eat these organic molecules  food • digest food to get • fuels for energy (ATP) • raw materials for building more molecules • carbohydrates, fats, proteins, nucleic acids ATP

  5. What is energy in biology? ATP Adenosine TriPhosphate Whoa!HOT stuff!

  6. ATP food ATP + 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 glucose+oxygenenergy+carbon+ water dioxide O2 Harvesting energy stored in food • Cellular respiration • breaking down food to produce ATP • in mitochondria • using oxygen • “aerobic” respiration • usually digesting glucose • but could be other sugars, fats, or proteins

  7. food O2 ATP CO2 H2O What do we need to make energy? • The “Furnace” for making energy • mitochondria • Fuel • food:carbohydrates, fats, proteins • Helpers • oxygen • enzymes • Product • ATP • Waste products • carbon dioxide • then used by plants • water Make ATP!Make ATP!All I do all day…And no oneeven notices! enzymes

  8. Mitochondria are everywhere!! animal cells plant cells

  9. Using ATP to do work? ATP • Can’t store ATP • too unstable • only used in cell that produces it • only short term energy storage • carbohydrates & fats are long term energy storage work Adenosine TriPhosphate Adenosine DiPhosphate ADP A working muscle recycles over 10 million ATPs per second Whoa!Pass me theglucose & oxygen!

  10. { • energy needed even at rest • activity • temperature control { • growth • reproduction • repair { • glycogen(animal starch) • fat A Body’s Energy Budget 1 make energy ATP eatfood 2 synthesis (building) 3 storage

  11. O2 What if oxygen is missing? • No oxygen available = can’t complete aerobic respiration • Anaerobic respiration • also known as fermentation • alcohol fermentation • lactic acid fermentation • no oxygen or no mitochondria (bacteria) • can only make very little ATP • large animals cannot survive yeast bacteria

  12. O2 Anaerobic Respiration • Fermentation • alcohol fermentation • yeast • glucose  ATP + CO2+ alcohol • make beer, wine, bread • lactic acid fermentation • bacteria, animals • glucose  ATP + lactic acid • bacteria make yogurt • animals feel muscle fatigue Tastes good…but not enoughenergy for me!

  13. Got the energy… Ask Questions!!

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