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KEY CONCEPT All living things are based on atoms and their interactions.

KEY CONCEPT All living things are based on atoms and their interactions. Section 2-1 Objectives. Explain the connection between living things and atoms of different elements. Describe how ions are formed. Define and give examples of covalent bonds. H. O.

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KEY CONCEPT All living things are based on atoms and their interactions.

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  1. KEY CONCEPTAll living things are based on atoms and their interactions.

  2. Section 2-1 Objectives • Explain the connection between living things and atoms of different elements. • Describe how ions are formed. • Define and give examples of covalent bonds.

  3. H O Living things consist of atoms of different elements. • An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter. • An element is one type of atom. • All known elements found on Periodic Table Hydrogen atom (H) Oxygen atom (O)

  4. Oxygen atom (O) outermost energy level: 6 electrons (-) Nucleus:8 protons (+)8 neutrons inner energy level: 2 electrons (-) • An atom has a nucleus and electrons. • The nucleus has protons (+) and neutrons (0). • Electrons (-) are in energy levels outside nucleus. • Play major role in ALL chemical bonds

  5. _ O H H + + • A compound is made of atoms of different elements bonded together. • water (H2O) • Other examples?

  6. A compound is made of atoms of different elements bonded together. • carbon dioxide (CO2)

  7. A compound is made of atoms of different elements bonded together. • many other carbon-based compounds in living things • C6H12O6

  8. gained electron Na loses anelectron to CI ionic bond Sodium atom (Na) Chlorine atom (CI) Sodium ion (Na+) Chloride ion (CI-) Ions form when atoms gain or lose electrons. • An ion is an atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons.(atom with a charge) • Positive (+) ions • Negative (-) ions

  9. Form between oppositely charged ions. • Table salt Na+ and Cl-

  10. covalent bonds Oxygen atom (O) Carbon atom (C) Oxygen atom (O) Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) Atoms share pairs of electrons in covalent bonds. • A covalent bond forms when atoms share a pair of electrons. • multiple covalent bonds

  11. Diatomic Covalent Bond H2

  12. Ionic vs. Covalent Review Covalent Bond Ionic Bond

  13. Quick Quiz Time  • Each question will be worth 2 points • You may NOT talk and/or communicate with a classmate • Scores will be collected and recorded at the end of the chapter

  14. 1. Which phrase best describes atoms? • Single-celled organism • Smallest basic units of matter • Parts of a nucleus • Positively charged particles

  15. 2. An ion is formed when an atom gains or loses • Protons • Neutrons • Bonds • Electrons

  16. 3. Atoms connected by covalent bonds • Transfer pairs of electrons • Share pairs of electrons • Transfer pairs of protons • Share pairs of protons

  17. End of Show

  18. The Nucleus: Crash Course Chemistry #1

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