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Animal Health

Animal Health. Chapter #5. What Causes Disease?. Germs: bacteria, viruses, protozoa Parasites: worms, insects Infestations: external parasites Infectious: internal disease Injury: handling, facilities Inherited Genes Poor Nutrition: easiest to correct

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Animal Health

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  1. Animal Health Chapter #5

  2. What Causes Disease? • Germs: bacteria, viruses, protozoa • Parasites: worms, insects • Infestations: external parasites • Infectious: internal disease • Injury: handling, facilities • Inherited Genes • Poor Nutrition: easiest to correct • toxic materials in plants, nitrogen content • chemicals for insect control

  3. Disease • Infectious Disease: spread by contact • Confinement Systems: disease easily spread • Animal Waste: host for germs • Soil Born Disease: live in soil • hog diseases • anthrax: bury animals deep, cover with lime or burn • feline distemper • do NOT drag dead animals • alternate pastures

  4. Disease • From water & feed: chemical residues, waste • From air: germs, chemicals, mosquitos host disease • Diseases divided according to how rapid they progress: Acute: rapid progression (cholera, bloat, mastitis) all generally have a rapid increase in body temperature Chronic: last a long time (cancer), costly to fight Some are localized: mastitis, pink eye

  5. Vital Signs • Pulse: high under left foreflank or over jawbone • Respiration: rate of breathing • Temperature: most reliable & constant • taken rectally • rise of 3 deg F is considered serious • Symptoms: not eat, isoalte self, lack alertness, nucous discharge, droopy, lowered head, swelling, bleeding, abnormal bowel movements, worms in feces, unusual walk, abnormal behavior

  6. Disease Prevention • Sanitation: most important • Vaccination: build up antibodies to fight disease • Some diseases (tetanus) animals can’t be saved once they show signs • separate from herd • humanely kill and dispose of

  7. Parasite Control • Some parasites may be passed to humans • trichina, bladder worms • Worming usually done in spring • Insectisides: apply manually or cattle rub • Tick: Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in humans • Sanitation: remove waste, disinfect floors & walls, remove dead animals, insect & rodent control, repair equipment, proper bedding • Hog house: steam clean & disinfect • Pile manure to kill germs (heat)

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