1 / 17

The Importance of Scientific Classification in Biology

This chapter explains why scientists classify living things and how they use taxonomy to organize organisms into groups. It covers the binomial nomenclature system and the levels of classification, as well as the domains and kingdoms in biology.

mhogg
Download Presentation

The Importance of Scientific Classification in Biology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 2 Section 2

  2. Friday, 9/18 • Warm-Up: • Please have a seat and take your LROD paper out. • Write the HW in your planner • Learning Goal(s): Explain why scientists classify living things. • Agenda: • Warm-Up/Review Tonight’s HW • Pass back the Chapter 2, Section 1 Quiz • Finishclass notes/discussion for Section 2.2 • Complete graphic organizer for Section 2.2 • Begin working on the Section 2.2 Review and Reinforce • HW: Chapter 2, Section 1 and 2 Test on Wednesday, 9/23 – take some time to study this weekend!

  3. Why do scientists classify? • Classification: the process of grouping things based on their similarities • Biologists use classification to organize living things into groups so that the organisms are easier to study • The scientific study of how living things are classified is called TAXONOMY • Once a scientist classifies an organism, they know a lot more about the organisms • For example…a bird… what do we know??

  4. The Naming system linnaeus • Carl Linnaeus--- botanist, physician, zoologist (1750s) • Linnaeus placed organisms in groups based on observable features • The same classification system is still used today!! • Each organisms got a two-part scientific name = BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE • What does “binomial” mean?!

  5. Genus and Species • Binomial nomenclature, the two parts of the name are the • Genus (genera) • Species • What’s the difference? • GENUS: is a classification grouping that contains SIMILAR, closely related organisms. • Example: pumas, jaguar, tiger, house cats (genus: Felis) • SPECIES: is a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce • Example: the name includes where it lives or its appearance

  6. binomial nomenclature RULES • A complete scientific name is written in italics • Only the first letter of the first word is CAPITALIZED • Genus species (Correct way to write it!) RIGHT!!! Carcharodoncarcharias (Great White Shark) FelisConcolor (Puma) carettacaretta (Loggerhead Turtle) WRONG!!! WRONG!!!

  7. Why binomial nomenclature? • Easy for scientists to communicate • Written in one language, LATIN (language scientists used at that time) • Scientists around the world use the same name for the same organism • Example--- We call this animal a woodchuck, groundhog, or whistlepig… why not give it one universal name? Marmotamonax

  8. Levels of classification • There are 8 levels of classification • BROAD >>>>>> MORE SPECIFIC • The more classification levels that two organisms share, the more characteristics they have in common. (page 46)

  9. Classification SYSTEM

  10. How am I going to remember the Levels in order? • Did King Phillip Come Over For Good Spaghetti?

  11. Domains and Kingdoms • Three domains: BACTERIA, ARCHAE, EUKARYA • Organisms are placed into domains and kingdoms based on • CELL TYPE • THEIR ABILITY TO MAKE FOOD • NUMBER OF CELLS IN THEIR BODIES

  12. bacteria • Are all around you! • Can be both autotrophic or heterotrophic • Prokaryotes • Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus, therefore the nucleic acids float in the cell • What is a NUCLEUS? • Dense area in a cell that contains nucleic acids • Compare it to a captain of a team

  13. Archae • Found in EXTREME environments • Examples: hot springs, very salty water, swamps, and intestines of cows • Can be both autotrophic or heterotrophic • Unicellular prokaryotes (similar to bacteria) • Archae means “ancient” • Similar conditions of ancient Earth Dead Sea

  14. Domain Eukarya • Eukaryotes: Organisms with cells that contain nuclei • Protists • Fungi • Plants • Animals

  15. Protists • Can be both autotroph OR heterotroph • Can be both unicellular OR multicellular (seaweeds) • “odds and ends”

  16. fungi • Mushrooms, mildew, and molds • Can be both multicellular OR unicellular (yeast for breads) • ONLY HETEROTROPHS

  17. Plants • All MULTICELLULAR EUKARYOTES, AUTOTROPHS • Plants provide food for most of the heterotrophs on land • All multicellular eukaryotes, heterotrophs Animals

More Related