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Adjustable Linear Range Operational Transconductance Amplifier with Noise Compensation. Brian Ginsburg, Muyiwa Ogunnika. Overall topology Basic WLR with bulk drive, gate degeneration, source degeneration
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Adjustable Linear Range Operational Transconductance Amplifier with Noise Compensation Brian Ginsburg, Muyiwa Ogunnika • Overall topology • Basic WLR with bulk drive, gate degeneration, source degeneration • Variable gain amplifier between drain and gate of the source degeneration transistor to lower source degeneration • Gate of input transistor driven with a weighted sum of its drain (for gate degeneration) and the input voltage • Current steering sets the VL and is compensated to keep noise low • Theoretical linear range: • Actual linear range varies from 73mV to 1.25 V • N varies from 5.5 to 13.7 Ginsburg/Ogunnika 6.376 Final Presentation
gs -A/gmp gmp + Vin gmb + iout gm 1/gmn 1-A A + Block Diagram 0<A<1 Ginsburg/Ogunnika 6.376 Final Presentation
Variable Linear Range Performance • Linear range varies from 73mV to 1.248V • Each OTA has 45 transistors • Common mode input range is from 1.25V to 3 V at highest current levels; increases to 0.85V-3V at low bias current levels • In resonant filter, f90 can vary from 100Hz to 10kHz, and Q can be variable from 1 to 6, though not for all VL Ginsburg/Ogunnika 6.376 Final Presentation
Stability of the OTA • No load capacitor • 1kHz bandwidth • 100mV linear range • Unity-gain feedback • <5% overshoot in step response • OTA also stable with 10% component mismatch • Power with 5pF cap and 10kHz bandwidth <3.47μW Ginsburg/Ogunnika 6.376 Final Presentation
IHVLkg ILVLkg ILVLks ILVLks 2IBSks Circuit Details Gate Drive Weighted Adder Variable Gain Amplifier Ginsburg/Ogunnika 6.376 Final Presentation
Noise Impact of VL Variation Effective number of noise sources from gate drive circuit: Theoretical N vs. VL • Observations • For fixed VL, as IB drops, noise improves for fixed IBS • As VL decreases, noise shoots up • Solutions • For fixed VL, have IBS=kbIB • Make kb inversely dependent on VL • IBS=(1+6(1-A))IB/20 • Power overhead varies from 30% to 130% Dashed: Fixed kb Solid: Variable kb Actual N vs. VL • At Q=2, 10kHz • VL=1.25, N=5.4 • 21.3μW • 0.4dB variation from unity in passband, >50dB attenuation at high frequencies Ginsburg/Ogunnika 6.376 Final Presentation
Final Layout • Fits in less than one quarter of the chip! • Most of the additional circuitry is kept very small • Conclusions • Questions Ginsburg/Ogunnika 6.376 Final Presentation