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2 nd Semester Exam Review. 1.Explain the Compromise of 1850 2. Fugitive Slave Act. 1.To keep the balance between slave and free states the compromise stated that California would be a free state, slavery would be abolished in Washington D.C. and slave laws would become tougher.
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1.Explain the Compromise of 1850 2. Fugitive Slave Act
1.To keep the balance between slave and free states the compromise stated that California would be a free state, slavery would be abolished in Washington D.C. and slave laws would become tougher. 2. Fugitive Salve Acts gave power to slave owners to look for their runaway slaves and Northerners could no longer harbor slaves
3. In the new territory whether or not it would be a slave state would be decided by popular sovereignty.
4. Describe the South before the Civil War • The south ‘s economy was based on plantation system, they used slave labor to grow cash crops
5.How did Uncle Tom’s Cabin contribute to the war? • It illuminated the evil and inhumanity of slavery to northerners. of slavery to t
6.What is Dred Scott v Sanford and its effects. • Slaves were property, not citizens, so they couldn’t use the court systemCongress could not outlaw slavery because that would be taking away someone’s property without Due Process… thus violating the 5th Amendment
7. Who is Jefferson Davis? • Supported secession • Didn’t like politics but became president of the Confederacy. • Was originally from Mississippi • Became a US Senator
He was the Supreme Military Commander of the Confederate Army. He also surrendered to Grant at the Appomattox Court House.
9.Who is U.S. Grant as it relates to the Civil War? He was the Supreme Military Commander of the Confederate Army. He also surrendered to Grant at the Appomattox Court Hous
10. The Union had the following advantages in the Civil War • A stronger Navy • More manufacturing • A much larger population • A better economy
11.The South had the following advantages in the Civil War. • Knew the land • Trying to preserve their way of life • Better military commanders • Able to fight a defensive war
12.What were the causes and effects of the Emancipation Proclamation?War was at a stand still and Lincoln felt it needed a moral cause , the effect ex slaves and free blacks joined the Army and tried to help the North win. Northerners had a new moral reason to fight.
13.What role did Women play in the Civil War? • Women helped at home running the farm and the house. They worked as nurses and some fought in disguise.
14.Reasons for going to war Northerners Southerners Wanted to keep their way of life. And African Americans wanted freedom. • Northerners wanted to abolish slavery and keep the Union together.
15. What were the major battles of the Civil War & why was each important?What is your mnemonic device?
Fat BullsShould Always GetVery Angry! Fort Sumter – first shot fired of CW Bull Run – first battle of CW Shiloh – Union gained control of northern Mississippi Antietam – Single bloodiest day of CW
Fat BullsShould Always GetVery Angry Gettysburg – turning point of war & where Gettysburg address was issued by Lincoln. Vicksburg – Union gains control of entire Mississippi River & splits Conf. in 2 Appomattox Courthouse – Lee surrenders to Grant & CW is officially over.
16.What were effects of the Civil War on the nation, the people, and on the South?
Nation – Economic problems – like Panic of 1873, Contract System, sharecropping (debt) People – Social problems – like what to do with 4 million freedmen (Freedmens Bureau) & how to deal with the KKK and Black Codes. South – Trying to maintain way of life (cash crops) but would become more industrial over time.
17. What are the black codes? • Black codes put restrictions on freed slave to restrict their rights.
18. What was the purpose of the Freedman’s Bureau • The Freedman's’ Bureau helped free slaves adjust to American society. They helped them with housing, medical and finding family members.
19.FREE MEN VOTE! 13th Amendment – Freed all slaves 14th Amendment – Granted citizenship to former slaves 15th Amendment – Gave voting rights to African American males.
20. What organization did Clara Barton helped form? • She is responsible for starting the Red Cross.
21.What are the following Acts? Homestead Act Dawes Act In an attempt to integrate native American into American society their land was divided up and given to individuals. Thus encouraging westward expansion. • Encouraged westward expansion by giving land to settlers that would improve and stay on for a certain amount of time.
22. Describe the Great Awakening • A religious revival that urged Americans to reconsider religion in their lives and be nicer to each other.
Sojourner Truth – Abolitionist who was born a slave and wrote the poem, “Ain’t I a Woman” • Harriet Beecher Stowe – Abolitionist who wrote, Uncle Tom’s Cabin to expose the cruelties of slavery in the South. • Elizabeth Cady Stanton-Women’s suffrage reformer helped organize Seneca Falls Convention.
3. Frederick Douglas – Abolitionist who was the Editor of the newspaper North Star. He was an escaped slave who also wrote his own autobiography. 4. William Lloyd Garrison – Abolitionist who wrote The Liberator
Economic OpportunityCompetition from Europe to gain land in North AmericaNew Markets for goodsNatural Resources
Americans moving west:“Go west young man, go west!”The Missouri CompromiseThe Mexican CessionThrough better transportation (railroads)
The Annexation of TexasThe Louisiana PurchaseThe Gadsden Purchase
26. Describe the Mormon Trail • The Mormon trail was created by Brigham Young and the Mormons as they travelled west to avoid religious persecution. They stopped in Salt lake City, Utah.
27.Define civil disobedience. • When you peacefully disobey a law that you feel is morally unjust.
28.Explain Nullification Crisis and Tariff of Abominations • Tariff of Abominations was a tax on imported good that Southerners thought was unfair because it favored the North • John C Calhoun created the Nullification Doctrine that stated that states could nullify a law that they felt was unconstitutional.
29. Decribe the Jacksonian Democracy • During Jackson's term of presidency where the common man could vote and have input in federal decisions. Spreading power to the people and ensuring majority rule.
Who is associated with the following? • Rise of the common man • “To the Victor belongs the spoils” • Vetoing the charter for the 2nd National Bank • Removing the Native Americans to Oklahoma • Was President during the Nullification Crisis.
30.What was the patronage system?( also known as the Spoil system)
“To the Victor Belongs the Spoils!”When presidents give people that have supported them key positions in their new administration.
31.Describe Jackson’s position on the following: • National Bank: Felt that it wasn’t fair to common man and favored wealthy. It had too much power in Federal decisions. • Native Americans: • Supported Indian Removal Act. Native Americans had no claim to land and were not to be treated as citizens.
32. Characteristics of Sectionalism • North: economy was based on Industry. Did not want slavery and supported strong federal influence. • South: Economy based on agriculture and salve labor. Wanted less federal influence in their state decisions.
33. Define the Ironclad • War ships that were covered in iron to be more invincible. Could carry more gun power and men .
Made Maine a free state and Missouri a slave state. And restricted slavery south of 36 30 latitude. . It kept the balance of slave vs free states in Congress.
35. What were the effects of the Industrial Revolution? • More people moved to cities with factories. Women and children could work. Goods were created faster and cheaper.
36. Explain the Monroe Doctrine • James Monroe created this document to keep European countries from colonizing in Latin America. It made the United States a world power because we promised to help the Latin American countries.
37.What Inventions were created by these men? • Eli Whitney- cotton gin, interchangeable parts • Samuel Slater-textiles mills, • Samuel Morse- the Morse code
