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AP Biology

Explore the differences between DNA and RNA nucleotides, including their structure, complementary base pairing, and the importance of nucleotide sequence in protein synthesis. Learn about the key reactions involved in nucleotide synthesis and the role of phosphodiester bonds in forming nucleic acids. Gain insights into the DNA double helix structure and the significance of genes and evolution in the phosphorus cycle and ATP production.

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AP Biology

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  1. AP Biology Biochemistry: Macromolecules Part 3

  2. DNA vs. RNA nucleotidesRemember, DNA is long term; RNA is temporary

  3. Nucleic Acids (DNA)

  4. Nucleic Acids (RNA)

  5. Nucleotides

  6. Complimentary Base Pairing

  7. See the HYDROGEN bonds?Remember, these are very important bonds.

  8. Nucleotide sequence is important!Remember, DNA will make proteins.

  9. Short polymer Unlinked monomer Dehydration removes a water molecule, forming a new bond Dehydration and Hydrolysis Reactions Longer polymer Dehydration reaction in the synthesis of a polymer Hydrolysis adds a water molecule, breaking a bond Hydrolysis of a polymer

  10. 5th Carbon of the Sugar holds the phosphate.3rd Carbon is the open bond.Phosphate of the next nucleotide bonds at the 3rd carbon.

  11. New strand 5¢ end Sugar Base Phosphodiester Bonds of Nucleic Acids Phosphate 3¢ end Nucleoside triphosphate

  12. DNA Double Helix Structure

  13. Watson and Crick

  14. Blueprint vs. Protective Cap • DNA Double Strand: • ____________________________________ • ____________________________________ • ______ Important “Blueprint” sequence • ______ Protective “cap” sequence

  15. Genes and Evolution

  16. Rain The Phosphorus Cycle and Nucleic Acids and ATP Geologic uplift Weathering of rocks Plants Runoff Consumption Sedimentation Plant uptake of PO43– Soil Leaching Decomposition

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