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Precolumbian Native America

Explore the complexities of Precolumbian Native America, including discussions on the origins of America, the identity of Native Americans, and the impact of European arrival. Learn about the history, cultures, and societies of the indigenous peoples before Columbus. Dive into the debates on terminology and gain insights into the population estimates and the effects of European diseases and war. Discover the diverse Native American tribes and their societies through maps, videos, and examples such as Tenochtitlan and the Poverty Point Mound Builders.

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Precolumbian Native America

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  1. PrecolumbianNative America A very complex array of nations!

  2. Let’s deconstruct. . . .“ Precolumbian Native America” • What or where is America? • What or who is Native? • What or when was Precolumbian?

  3. The Earth Europe Columbus India/China

  4. The Americas

  5. Who are Native Americans? As Indigenous Peoples, names and references to our race and ethnic identity are very important – especially in a time when names and pejorative references to Native people are being challenged in popular culture. Wherever I go, from the reservation to the city, through the halls of academia, from younger to older, to the grassroots, and in social media, I hear numerous discussions and debates around how people choose to identify with certain references, e.g., which word is the most appropriate: Native American? Native? Indian? American Indian? Indigenous? Amanda Blackhorse Indian Country Today For our purposes, all of these terms refer to the great variety of people who occupied the Americas before European arrival and conquest beginning with the Columbus expedition in 1492.

  6. When was the “Precolumbian” period? But, when did ‘Precolumbian’ begin? Or, when did human first arrive in the Americas? ‘Precolumbian’ ended when Columbus arrived, or when Europeans finally reached a particular location some time later.

  7. When did humans first arrive in the Americas? When did they reach the Americas? It’s debated… 11,500 BCE Clovis, New Mexico 12,500 BCE Aucilla River, Florida 12,800 BCE Monte Verde, Chile 13,500 BCE Buttermilk Crk, Texas Modern human evolved in Africa some 150,000-200,000 years ago. Then, about 90,000 years ago, some of those humans began a migration out of Africa that eventually populated the entire globe.

  8. California’s First Humans13,000 Years Ago? Santa Rosa Island, CA Arlington Springs

  9. How many Native Americans before Columbus? Estimates range widely! Low: 10 million Mid: 54 million High: 112 million See in File Cabinet: “How Many People Were Here Before Columbus?”

  10. How many Native Americans died as a result of European diseases and war? All of the Americas European colonial records indicate 6,000,000 Indians in all of the Americas in 1650. Indian death toll: Low: 40% Mid: 89% High: 95% Just Hispaniola • Columbus’s expedition counted 3,000,000 Taino natives on Hispaniola in 1496. • One generation later, the Taino count was 11,000. • Native death toll: 96%

  11. South American Native CulturesPrior to European Conquest

  12. North American Native CulturesPrior to European Conquest

  13. Aaron Carapella, a mixed-blood Cherokee from Oklahoma, decided to create a map that shows the ‘real’ names and locations of Pre-Columbian Native American tribes.

  14. What were Native American societies like? Let’s discuss the video “From Caves to Cosmos”

  15. Another example of Pre-Columbian Native America: Tenochtitlan The ruins of Tenochtitlan today are in the heart of Mexico City

  16. An example of a very different type of Pre-Columbian Native American Society: The Hunter-Gatherer Ohlone Nation

  17. Yet another Indian Nation:the Poverty Point Mound Builders Even though they were hunters and gathers, they still built a large city, more than 3,000 years ago! 2:24-11:28

  18. Assignment on 1-28

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