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The DESIR facility at SPIRAL2

The DESIR facility at SPIRAL2. SPIRAL2 at GANIL SPIRAL2 Phase 1 and Phase 2 New equipment at SPIRAL2 DESIR facility DESIR physics programme Safety around DESIR. Bertram Blank CEN Bordeaux-Gradignan. CEA Bruyères-le-chatel, April 27, 2009. Existing GANIL facility. Phase 2. DESIR.

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The DESIR facility at SPIRAL2

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  1. The DESIR facility at SPIRAL2 • SPIRAL2 at GANIL • SPIRAL2 Phase 1 and Phase 2 • New equipment at SPIRAL2 • DESIR facility • DESIR physics programme • Safety around DESIR Bertram Blank CEN Bordeaux-Gradignan CEA Bruyères-le-chatel, April 27, 2009

  2. Existing GANIL facility Phase 2 DESIR RIB PRODUCTION S3NFS Accelerator Phase 1

  3. Neutrons for science Atomic & solid state physics Radiobiology & Isotope production Equation of State Role of Isospin Scientific case of SPIRAL2 Heavy and Super Heavy Elements ISOSPIN DEGREES OF FREEDOM IN NUCLEAR FORCES Position of drip-lines N=Z rp-process r-process path Shell structure far from stability Spins&Shapes Spins & Shapes Haloes & Structures in the Continuum www.ganil.fr/research/developments/spiral2/

  4. Gamma Array Particle Array New detectors at SPIRAL2 DESIR S3 NFS AGATA PARIS ACTAR GASPARD FAZIA EXOGAM 2 2006-2007: 19 Letters of Intent, 600 physicists from 34 countries 2008-2009: TDR for big instrumentation at SPIRAL2

  5. DESIR at GANIL GANIL – SPIRAL1 (S1) DESIR Production building SPIRAL2 (S2) S3 Low-energy beams from: S1, S2, S3

  6. S1: Low-energy beams from SPIRAL1 Projectile or target fragmentation at 95 MeV/A main interest: very neutron- and proton-rich light nuclei 1+  n+

  7. Converter n 2H UCx IS n 2H Target IS 2H UCx IS HI Target IS S2: Low-energy beams from SPRIAL2 • Fission, fusion • evaporation, DIC • main interest: • fission products • medium-mass • proton-rich nuclei

  8. S3: Low-energy beams from S3 • Fusion-evaporation • reactions at Coulomb • Barrier, DIC • main interest: • very heavy nuclei • N=Z nuclei • very short-lived • isotopes • refractory elements Gas catcher LISOL

  9. Elements produced at ISOLDE

  10. Laser spectroscopy at ISOL facilities … all elements available from S3

  11. RFQ - HRS: Original implementation RFQ-HRS m/Dm = 20000 to DESIR Identification station to CIME

  12. RFQ - HRS: ALPHA version to DESIR Identification station to CIME RFQ-HRS Optical studies for double HRS are under way: aim is m/Dm = 20000 for 2pmm mrad Teresa Kurtukian Nieto, CENBG

  13. High-intensity RFQ Cooler: SHIRAC Length = 70 cm Radius = 3mm Florian Duval, Gilles Ban, Dave Lunney

  14. Longitudinal energy spread Gas : Helium at 10-2 mbar ΔE ≈ 0.18eV (before re-acceleration)

  15. Emittance Without gas : 12 π.mm.mrad Helium at 10-2mbar : 4.75 π.mm.mrad • 4.75 π.mm.mrad @ 3keV → ≈ 1 π.mm.mrad @ 60keV • Still under investigation : • RF heating • Residual gas effect outside the RFQ section • Charge-exchange process

  16. General purpose LN2 Control room Gas & waste storage IS TAS off-line source 1 Collinear Laser spectroscopy b-NMR off-line source 2 Penning trap + Decay setup MLL trap Double MOT RFQ bun- cher Paul trap DAQ room General purpose Neutron ditch Electronics Desk Access Laser room (mezzanine) DESIR hall Identification station with tape LUMIERE BESTIOL SAS Kitchen + WC (on top of CR) Beam from Level -1 Meeting room (on top of DAQ) Crane access to basement 5 m

  17. Assembly Room 3 Gray Room 2 Electri- city Stor- age 1 Stor- age 2 Gray Room 1 free Assembly Room 1 Assembly Room 2 Control Racks Interfaces HV supplies Crane access to basement 5 m Neutron ditch DESIR hall: level -1 Work shop Radio lab storage Beam from Production building, S3 and SPIRAL1 X Supply Limits of DESIR hall Identification and radioprotection measurements

  18. DESIR work packages • RFQ SHIRAC: Gilles Ban • HRS: Bertram Blank • DESIR building: Franck Delalee • General purpose ion buncher • GPIB + stable ion sources: Pierre Delahaye • Identification station: Philippe Dessagne • Beam transport lines: Francois Le Blanc • Safety and security: Jean-Charles Thomas • Command / Control, diagnostics: Stéphane Grévy

  19. The DESIR Technical Design Report • submitted on December 19, 2008 • presented to SPIRAL2 SAC on January 29, 2009 • strongly supported by SPIRAL2 SAC…. • about 100 pages of technical description of DESIR facility • and its equipment • co-signed by 111 physicists and engineers of 15 countries • contains a general description of buildings and interfaces • description of major installations like traps, spectroscopy • setups etc • report available on DESIR web page (www.cenbg.in2p3.fr/desir)

  20. LUMIERE Laser Utilisation for Measurement and Ionization of Exotic Radioactive Elements F. Le Blanc ,Orsay G. Neyens, Leuven P. Campbell, Manchester • Collinear Laser spectroscopy: • - spins • - magnetic moments • - quadrupole moments • - change of charge radii • b-NMR spectroscopy: • - nuclear gyromagnetic factor • - quadrupole moment • N=50, N=64, N=82, … • Microwave double resonance • in a Paul trap: • - hyperfine anomaly and higher order momenta • (octupole and hexadecapole deformation) • Eu, Cs, Au, Rn, Fr, Ra, Am ….

  21. Atomic hyperfine structure Interaction between an orbital e- (J) and the atomic nucleus (I,mI,QS) • results in a hyperfine splitting (HFS) of the e- energy levels n J with F DEHFS • Hyperfine structure constants: and • Collinear laser spectroscopy: DmI/mI ~ 10-2, DQS/QS ~ 10-1 for heavy elements

  22. Isotope shift measurements Frequency shift between atomic transitions in different isotopes of the same chemical element • related to the mass and size differences J2, F2 dnA,A’ J2, F2 J1, F1 J1, F1 • mean square charge radius variations with a precision ~ 10-3 • study of nuclei shape (deformation)

  23. B0 b-NMR spectroscopy b-asymmetry in the decay of polarized nuclei in a magnetic field • Zeeman splitting related to gI and QS M+I I M-I with and • resonant destruction of the polarization (i.e. b-asymmetry) by means of an additional RF magnetic field • DgI/gI ~ 10-3, DQS/QS ~ 10-2 • complementary technique to collinear laser spectroscopy • suitable for light elements(low QS values)

  24. BESTIOL BEta decay STudies at the SPIRAL2 IsOL facility • Decay studies with halo nuclei • Clustering studies in light nuclei • b-delayed charged-particle emission: e.g. proton-proton correlation • Super-allowed b decays and the standard model of electro-weak interaction • Deformation and Gamow-Teller distribution • 2n correlations, Pn and nuclear structure (r-process) • ... M.J.G. Borge, Madrid b-g setup, B. Blank (Bordeaux) TETRA, Y. Penionzhkevich (Dubna) TAS, J.L. Tain (Valencia)

  25. Search for exotic interactions e+ nucleus q ne • b-n angular correlation requires to measure the recoil ion + b particle • within the SM x : Fermi fraction; r : GT/F mixing ratio • beyond the SM a contains quadratic S and T contributions O. Naviliat-Cuncic et al., LPC Caen

  26. CVC, CKM, exotic currents: 0+  0+ b decays = 3072.08 (79) s Measurements: - Q value - T1/2 - branching ratios  Vud0+0+ = 0.97425(22) VusK= 0.2254(21) VubB = 0.00367(47)  0.99995(61) J.C. Hardy et al.

  27. Experiment Theory Counts Energy (keV) Study of GT strength via b-delayed proton decay: 21Mg 21Mg J.C. Thomas

  28. b+ : p→n + e+ +  d = 4.8 (4) % b- : n→p + e- +  E.C. : p + e-→n +  ft- ft+ n p n p Mirror symmetry studies  = nuc + SCC • Allowed Gamow-Teller transitions (log(ft)<6) • 17 couples of nuclei • 46 mirror transitions Average asymmetry d : 11 (1) % in the 1p shell (A<17) 0 (1) % in the (2s,1d) shell (17<A<40) J.C. Thomas et al. (GANIL/CENBG)

  29. MLLTRAP • High-accuracy mass measurements • - unitarity of CKM matrix (Vud): 50Mn, 54Co with DM/M~10-10 • - transuranium isotopes (beams from S3): M(Z>102) • In-trap spectroscopy: • - conversion electron and a spectroscopy: shape coexistence • Trap-assisted spectroscopy • - b decay studies of isomerically pure radioactive species P. Thirolf , Munich Set-up being installed at MLL/Garching

  30. Physics case and possible key experiments High-accuracy mass measurements - unitarity of CKM matrix (Vud ): superallowed b emitter  measure e.g. 50Mn,54Co with Dm/m~10-10 - mass measurements of transuranium isotopes (beams from S3): m(Z>102) - precision studies on fundamental constants: e.g. molar Planck constant NA.h  mass difference measurement + capture g’s (from ILL) In-trap spectroscopy:  exploit carrier-free sample in trap for ultimate resolution: - conversion electron and a spectroscopy: E0 decays (> shape coexistence) - ‘shake-off‘ electrons from a and conversion decay in heavy isotopes:  2+ lifetimes, quadrupole moments of heavy nuclei Trap-assisted spectroscopy  tape station behind Penning trap - b decay studies of isomerically pure radioactive species

  31. KVI atomic trapping facility • New limits on scalar and tensor contributions in the weak interaction • New limits on time-reversal violation in beta decay •  Systematic of atomic parity non-conservation in a long isotopic chain H. Wilschut, Groningen Experimental set-up at KVI

  32.  correlation: MOT + RIMS +  detector SM  detector MeV MCP start -V0 0 +V0 Not SM TOF E// X,Y  E Without polarization with polarization

  33. Operation of GANIL/SPIRAL1/SPIRAL2 Standard planning; one production cave DESIR: 29 weeks of RIB/year: 10 weeks of RIB from SPIRAL2, 4 weeks from S3, 15 weeks from SPIRAL1

  34. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DESIR building + beam lines to DESIR : green zones on and off operation -> controlled accesses -> activity confinement and monitoring (external exposure dose rate + inhalation risks) -> limited impact on the environment -> impact evaluation prior to experiments -> technical solutions to limit the risks

  35. The Dose rate issue (DeD) • working area: DeD < 7.5 µSv/h < 2 mSv/year/worker • temporary working area (< 10 min): DeD < 100 µSv/h • RIB from S1: (108 pps 19Ne) -> definitely an issue but: short lifetime and temporary shielding can be mounted (30 cm air + 30 cm concrete) • RIB from S2: can be an issue if long-lived and produced at high yields + contaminants • RIB from S3: I < 106 pps, N~Z nuclei : can be an issue depending on the selectivity

  36. Accidental activity release (inhalation risks) • For any RIB presenting inhalation risks: induced LPCA in Bq/m3 associated with a dose limitation (20 mSv for 2000 h and 1.2 m3/h inhalation) • DESIR safety requirement : released activity < 1 LPCA (at any time -> cooling to be considered) Example of 131I: T1/2 = 8.02 d LPCA = 400 Bq/m3 assuming a 100 % release at room temperature -> Considering a release volume of 10*10*5 m3= 500 m3, A(131I)MAX = 2.E+05 Bq i.e.A(131I)MAX =2.4E+06 pps for 1 day of implantation

  37. 132Sn only In target yield (1014 f/s) 7.7 1011 to 7.9 1011 Beam intensity limitation ~105

  38. SPIRAL2 Schedule Phase I Phase II

  39. Next steps...... • RFQ: on-going tests, study of “nuclearisation”, study of final version of RFQ • HRS: detailed optical study of new ALPHA version, detailed mechanical study • beam lines: preliminary design, cost estimate, detailed design study • stable ion sources: definition, purchase • GPIB: study and construction • Identification station: preliminary design, detailed design, construction • DESIR building: like SPIRAL2 Phase 2 construction program…. • decision about construction at latest mid 2010 • ……

  40. Thanks for your attention

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