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WARM UP: Tues, Oct 1

WARM UP: Tues, Oct 1. In your 3 brad folder: Define homeostasis in your own words. (Hint : look in cell theory notes). Cellular Processes Day 1. Objectives. 1. Define homeostasis. 2. Describe the Fluid Mosaic Model. 3. List items that enter & exit the cell . Homeostasis.

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WARM UP: Tues, Oct 1

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  1. WARM UP: Tues, Oct 1 • In your 3 brad folder: • Define homeostasis in your own words. (Hint: look in cell theory notes)

  2. Cellular Processes Day 1

  3. Objectives 1. Define homeostasis. 2. Describe the Fluid Mosaic Model. 3. List items that enter & exit the cell .

  4. Homeostasis = ability to maintain internal equilibrium • Maintain = keep • Internal = inside • Equilibrium = stable or balanced

  5. Why is maintaining homeostasis in our body & cells important? An imbalance = disease or death!

  6. Cell Membrane • Function: 1) Regulates what enters & exits cell 2) Provides protection & support

  7. Cell Membrane AKAs • AKA: Plasma Membrane • AKA: Phospholipid Bilayer • AKA: Fluid Mosaic Model

  8. Fluid Mosaic Model • Fluid = not solid, membrane moves • Mosaic = made of many parts

  9. Parts of a Plasma Membrane • Different Macromolecules in membrane: 1) Lipids = create bi-layer 2) Protein = create channel to pass large items 3) Carbohydrate Chains = identifying markers

  10. A Closer Look at the Cell Membrane Lipid Bi-Layer = 2 layers Phosphate head Fatty Tails

  11. Phospholipid Bilayer • Phospholipid = hydrophilic head + hydrophobic tail  BILAYER • Hydrophilic = water loving • Hydrophobic = water fearing • Water & Oil do not mix Latin Root: Bi = 2

  12. What Enters? • What the cell needs for survival • Nutrients

  13. What Exits? • What the cell needs to remove for survival (wastes) • Carbon Dioxide

  14. Membranes 1) Permeable= anything can cross 2) Impermeable= nothing can cross 3) Selectively Permeable= some substances can cross, but not others ***Most membranes are selective***

  15. NO ENTRY ENTER Phospholipid Bilayer and maintaining homeostasis • Keep Balance = membrane selectively permeable

  16. Egg Lab: Day 1 Paste chart into notebook

  17. WARM UP: Wed, Oct 2 • In your 3 brad folder: • What is the difference between a permeable and impermeable membrane?

  18. Cellular Processes Day 2

  19. Objectives 1. Define diffusion & osmosis. 2. Explain the 3 types of osmosis. 3. Define osmotic pressure. 4. Predict the results of an osmotic lab experiment.

  20. How “things” get selected to come into and out of the cell… DIFFUSION OSMOSIS ACTIVE TRANSPORT

  21. DIFFUSION = movement of particlesfrom highto low - Goes w/ the crowd - w/ theconcentration gradient • Does NOT require energy • Diffusion stops when 2 areas are EQUAL (homeostasis) Low High

  22. Facilitated Diffusion = movement largermolecules w/ “help” from protein channels • Does NOT require energy

  23. OSMOSIS = diffusion (movement) of water - From high to low - W/ the crowd - Does NOT require energy

  24. Solvent & Solute • Solvent = the liquid portion • i.e. the water in a salt water mixture • Solute = the part that is mixed in • i.e. the salt in a salt water mixture

  25. 3 Types of Osmosis • Hypertonic Solution = > (greater) concentration of solute outside the cell than inside - Cell Shrink Latin root: Hyper = over, more, higher

  26. 3 Types of Osmosis 2) Hypotonic Solution= < (lower) concentration of solute outside the cell than inside - Cell Burst Latin root: Hypo = under, less, lower

  27. 3 Types of Osmosis 3) Isotonic Solution = concentration solute outside = concentration inside - Cell stays the same

  28. Osmotic Pressure = pressure exerted on a cell membrane due to concentration gradient = different conc. on either side of the cell membrane

  29. Egg Lab: Day 2 Answer questions 1-2 in complete sentence Hypothesis Day 2: “ I believe…” - Will the syrup level go up or down? - Will the egg get larger or smaller?

  30. WARM UP: Thurs, Oct 3 • In your 3 brad folder: • What is the difference between a hypertonic solution & a hypotonic solution?

  31. Cellular Processes Day 3

  32. Objectives • Define active transport. • List the types of active transport. • Define concentration. 4. Predict the results of an osmotic lab experiment.

  33. Active Transport = movement of molecules against the concentration gradient ***Low to High*** • Against the crowd • REQUIRESenergy • ATP = energy in cell ATP Requires Energy

  34. Endosytosis = take materials into cell Latin root: endo = inner

  35. Endosytosis • Type 1: Phagosytosis = engulf andingest particles = “cell eating” • EX: white blood cells eating invading bacteria cells

  36. Endosytosis • Type 2: Pinocytosis = ingest extracellular fluid & its contents = “cell drinking” • EX: human egg cells drinking nutrients from surrounding cells while maturing in ovary

  37. Exosytosis • = cell releases materials to the outside • - discharge as membrane-bounded vesicles • - pass through the cell membrane • = “out of the cell” • Latinroot: Ex =outer, away from

  38. Solution & Concentration Solution = mixture 2+ substances Concentration= amount of substance (solute) in liquid (solvent) • Cytoplasm = one concentration • Outside of cell = another concentration *** Want balance (homeostasis)***

  39. Concentration • Concentration gradient= unequal distribution on either side of a membrane • Equilibrium = concentration same n both sides of cell

  40. Egg Lab: Day 3 Answer questions 3-7 in complete sentences Hypothesis Day 3: “I believe…” Will the water level go up or down? Will the egg get larger or smaller?

  41. WARM UP: Fri, Oct 4 • In your 3 brad folder: • Define the term equilibrium

  42. Egg Lab: Day 4 - Answer questions 8-12 in complete sentences

  43. Friday, Oct 4 • Periods 1, 2, & 5 = Cell Process worksheets

  44. WARM UP: Mon, Oct 7 • In your 3 brad folder: • What are the 3 macromolecules found in the plasma membrane?

  45. Cellular Processes Day 4

  46. Objectives 1. Describe the difference between positive (+) and negative (-) feedback. 2. Predict the results of an osmotic lab experiment.

  47. Feedback Mechanism = loop system in which system responds in either: 1) same direction (positive feedback) 2) opposite direction (negative feedback)

  48. Feedback Mechanism

  49. Feedback Mechanisms • Channels= allows larger particles to come in. (Gate/Door) • Receptors= signal (Intercom) • Markers= identify the type of cell (ID Badge)

  50. Positive Feedback = results in amplification or growth of output signal • Ex: If you eat a McDouble at McDonalds, a hormone is released to your brain to signal satiation. You will feel the same “happiness” each time you eat the hamburger.

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