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Whitney D. Crow, Angus Catchot, Jeff Gore, Scott D. Stewart, and Sandy Steckel

This study investigates the frequency of foraging honeybees in grain sorghum fields and the potential implications of using insecticide seed treatments. The study also examines the impact of pollen consumption on honeybees. The findings provide important insights for bee management and detection of insecticides.

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Whitney D. Crow, Angus Catchot, Jeff Gore, Scott D. Stewart, and Sandy Steckel

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  1. Sugarcane Aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, and Grain Sorghum: Implications for Honeybees, Apis Mellifera Whitney D. Crow, Angus Catchot, Jeff Gore, Scott D. Stewart, and Sandy Steckel

  2. Objectives • Determine the frequency of foraging honeybees in grain sorghum and potential implications from use of insecticide seed treatments

  3. Methods and Materials • Bee Scouting • Eight fields for three weeks • Apiary Present • Various stages of grain sorghum • Mid-day: 10:30 AM to 1:30 PM • Four observers • 50 meters of row • Recorded honeybees and honeydew present • Data analysis • PROC REG and PROC MIXED SAS 9.4 for Windows

  4. Methods and Materials • Pollen Analysis: • Study conducted • Starkville, MS • Jackson, TN • Randomized Complete Block Design • Four replications • Data analysis • PROC FREQ SAS 9.4 for Windows

  5. Methods and Materials • Pollen Analysis: • Pollen Collection • 50 heads • 50% bloom • National Science Laboratory • Gastonia, NC 30% 60% 100%

  6. Sugarcane Aphid Control: Seed Treatment/In-Furrow Insecticides AVG # SCA/LOWER LEAF ~50 DAP

  7. Honeybees: Bloom vs. Non-Bloom Grain Sorghum P<0.001

  8. Honeydew and Foraging Honeybees P<0.001 435:1

  9. Insecticide Detections • Thiamethoxam (Cruiser) • No Detection • Imidacloprid (Gaucho) • No Detection • Clothianidin (Poncho) • (1) Detection at 71.6 ppb • Untreated Control • (1) Detection of clothiandin at 25.7 ppb • (1) Detection of flupyradifurone at 3.9 ppb

  10. Flupyradifurone Concentrations: In-Furrow at 58 g ai ha-1 Concentration in PPB

  11. Flupyradifurone Concentrations: In-Furrow at 102 g ai ha-1 (23) Concentration in PPB

  12. Pollen Consumption • NOEL (no observed effect level) • For flupyradifuroneat 0.79 ai µg bee-1 • Estimated maximum daily intake of pollen • 9.6 mg day-1 • (8.9 µg bee-1)( kg pollen consumed) = 0.79 µg ai bee-1 • Kg pollen consumed = 88,764 mg pollen ̴ 3.13 oz

  13. Conclusions • Bee frequency • Bloom • Honeydew factor • Seed Treatments • Important management tool • Detection

  14. Questions

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