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Vietnam: The End of the War and Its Legacy. End of the War Timeline. 1968— Johnson says he won’t seek re-election; presidential candidates promise to end involvement; Nixon vows “peace with honor” 1969— My Lai Massacre reported; “Vietnamization” begins 1970— Invasion of Cambodia
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End of the War Timeline • 1968—Johnson says he won’t seek re-election; presidential candidates promise to end involvement; Nixon vows “peace with honor” • 1969—My Lai Massacre reported; “Vietnamization” begins • 1970—Invasion of Cambodia • 1972—Peace negotiations sputter, US resumes bombing of North Vietnam • 1973—Cease fire; last US forces withdrawn in March • 1975—South Vietnam falls to communist North Vietnam
What are the final stages of the war? • Pentagon Papers released (June 1971) and reveal that president lied about plans in Vietnam all along • Henry Kissinger says “Peace is at hand,” but its not • “Christmas bombings” push Ho Chi Minh to bargaining table • Peace treaty reached; last Americans leave in January 1973 • March 1975 Saigon falls as communist North Vietnam wins
What is the legacy of the Vietnam War?(58,000 killed; 300,000 wounded) • Communist governments take over in Vietnam and Cambodia • Veterans treated badly at home • Americans remain divided and skeptical about government • Political changes • Draft is abolished • War Powers Act passed to curb president’s authority • Caution in future foreign intervention