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Home and Market

Home and Market. Growth of Trade. More products Greater variety Greater amount Beginning of mass production Decline of home production. Commercial Agriculture. Growing wheat, corn Steel plow invented by Cyrus McCormick Credit Feeding eastern cities

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Home and Market

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  1. Home and Market

  2. Growth of Trade • More products • Greater variety • Greater amount • Beginning of mass production • Decline of home production

  3. Commercial Agriculture • Growing wheat, corn • Steel plow invented by Cyrus McCormick • Credit • Feeding eastern cities • Eastern farmers focus on dairy, fruits, veggies

  4. Urbanization • Greater interconnectedness (canals, railroads)

  5. Westward migration – “Manifest Destiny” (1845)

  6. Factory System • Craftsmen lose autonomy • Work split up into smaller tasks • Interchangeable parts • Clocks, guns, tools, shoes, etc. • Mechanization • British technology stolen

  7. Immigration • Most from Ireland, Germany • Most went to the North • Only Baltimore, New Orleans, and St. Louis got many immigrants

  8. Why? • Peasants pushed off land • Industrialization costs craft jobs • Steamship, railroad make travel easier

  9. The Marketplace • New • Atomistic • Anonymous • Disorder • Anxiety for churches and families

  10. Individualism • Free labor • Your labor is your property • Sell it on the market • “Self-made man” • Possessive individualism

  11. New Gender Roles • Public vs. private sphere • Public=men • Private=women, domestic, family

  12. Rise of the Middle Class • Some young women work in factories • Home for nurturing children • Not site of production

  13. Cult of Domesticity • Women have control over their “sphere” • New emphasis on women’s role with kids

  14. Self-improvement • Manners books • Temperance societies • Idea of bourgeois respectability

  15. 2nd Great Awakening • 1820s-1850s? • Series of revivals • “burned over district” in upstate NY

  16. 2nd Great Awakening • Americans look for redemption • Old ways under threat • Patriarchy • New ideas, new ways of living

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