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Crohn’s disease - A Review of Symptoms and Treatment

Crohn’s disease - A Review of Symptoms and Treatment. Brian Nguyen University of California - Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA. Background. Inflammatory bowel disease in large intestine and rectum May occur in any part of GI tract Chronic condition Onset occurs 16-40 yrs old

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Crohn’s disease - A Review of Symptoms and Treatment

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  1. Crohn’s disease - A Review of Symptoms and Treatment Brian Nguyen University of California - Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA

  2. Background • Inflammatory bowel disease in large intestine and rectum • May occur in any part of GI tract • Chronic condition • Onset occurs 16-40 yrs old • Exact cause unknown • Genetic risk factors

  3. Background • Autoimmune disorder • Immune system attacks normal microbes • White blood cells rush lining • Chronic inflammation • Similar symptoms to ulcerative colitis • UC affects superficial layers and colon only • CD affects all layers and GI tract

  4. Usually found in ileocecal region (small intestine to large intestine)

  5. Normal colon Colon with Crohn’s disease

  6. Symptoms • Periods of flare ups • Abdominal pain • Diarrhea • Fever • Weight loss • Anal pain

  7. Complications • Obstruction of bowel • Swelling or scar tissue • Ulcers in tract • Can result in fistulas (30%) • Abscess • Malnutrition • Inadequate intake and absorption

  8. Diagnosis • Colonoscopy (70% effective) • Visualization of colon and terminal ileum • Radiological studies • Can help see remainder of small intestine • Highlights inflammation • Blood tests • Anemia indication for Crohn’s

  9. Treatment • No “cure” – only symptom relief • Medication • Cortisteroids or anti-inflammatory agents • Immunosuppressive drugs • Surgery • Remove diseased portion of intestine • Anastomosis connects remaining bowel • 50% patients have recurrence within 5 years

  10. Surgery Total proctocolectomy with ileostomy

  11. Surgery Total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis

  12. Prognosis • No cure • Higher risk for colon cancer • Long periods of remission

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