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The Endocrine System

Discover the essential functions of the endocrine system in regulating body processes through hormones like growth, fertility, and metabolism. Learn about key glands and hormones, and understand how they impact overall health.

miguelcrawford
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The Endocrine System

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  1. The Endocrine System

  2. The Endocrine System

  3. Function of the Endocrine System • To regulate, coordinate and control your body functions using hormones. • Examples of Body Functions: • Growth • Fertility • Metabolism

  4. What are Hormones? • Chemical messengers • Secreted (released) by Glands into bloodstream. • Proteins with a specific shape.

  5. Target Cells and Receptors • Target Cells – cells that have special receptors that the hormone fits in to, causing a response in that cell. • All cells are exposed to hormones, but not all cells react.

  6. Target Cells and Receptors

  7. endocrine system

  8. Gland: Pituitary Location: Brain • Hormones Secreted: • Growth Stimulating Hormone- stimulates elongation of the bones. • Thyroid Stimulating Hormone- causes the thyroid to produce its hormone. • Follicle Stimulating Hormone- stimulates development of testes and ovaries. MALFUNCTION: • Gigantism- due to an oversecretion of growth hormone.

  9. Gland: Pituitary Location: Brain

  10. Gland: ThyroidLocation: Neck • Hormones Secreted: • Thyroxin- regulates metabolism. MALFUNCTION: • Goiter- enlargement of the thyroid gland due to a lack of iodine in the diet.

  11. Gland: ParathyroidLocation: In the Thyroid • Hormone Secreted: • Parathormone- regulates calcium metabolism which is necessary for nerve function, blood clotting and proper growth of teeth and bones.

  12. Gland: AdrenalsLocation: On top of Kidneys • Hormone secreted: • Adrenalin- increases blood sugar level and accelerates heart and breathing rates during times of emergency. • Fight or flight

  13. Gland: Pancreas • Hormones secreted: • Insulin- lowers blood sugar levels (excess glucose gets stored in the liver as glycogen). • Glucagon- raises blood sugar levels (stimulates the release of sugar from the liver). MALFUNCTION: • Diabetes- lack of insulin leads to high blood sugar levels.

  14. Gland: Testes • Hormone secreted: • Testosterone- influences the development of male secondary sex characteristics.

  15. Gland: Ovaries • Hormones secreted: • Estrogen- influences the development of female secondary sex characteristics. • Progesterone- regulates the menstrual cycle.

  16. Feedback Mechanism • Negative feedback- A type of self-regulation, operates on the principal that the level of one hormone in the blood stimulates or inhibits the production of another hormone.

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