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Explore the formal definition of psychology, why it is considered a "soft science," the four goals of psychology, and the importance of studying psychology. Dive into various theories, including Freud's psychoanalysis, Watson's behaviorist approach, the humanist approach, the cognitive approach, the biological approach, and the socio-cultural approach.

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  1. REVIEW • What is the formal definition of Psychology? • Why is Psychology referred to as a “soft science?” • What are the 4 goals of Psychology? • Why is the study of Psychology important?

  2. THEORIES TO UNDERSTANDING BEHAVIOR CHAPTER 1

  3. PSYCHOANALYSIS Freud’s Theory Behavior driven by the Unconscious Mind Psychoanalytic view = inner forces outside of your awareness are directing your behavior. Mind can be divided into two parts: Conscious mind= everything we are aware of –what we think and talk about Unconscious mind= reservoir of feelings, urges, and memories including pain, anxiety, and conflict. Influences our behavior as underlying influences.

  4. BEHAVIORIST APPROACH John Watson’s Theory All behaviors are acquired through conditioning, externally based Similar to rewards and punishments Associations cause us to generalize our response to one stimuli that is paired with a neutral stimuli. In other words, hot burner = ouch, stove = burner, therefore, stove = ouch.

  5. HUMANIST APPROACH In the late 1950s, Maslow and Rogers founded a theory of psychology focused on human issues such as self, self-actualization, hope, love, creativity, being, becoming, and meaning In essence, Humanists believe YOU Choose Your Own Behavior, Choice Theory You are in Control of your Own Destiny

  6. COGNITIVE APPROACH Theory of psychology that attempts to explain human behavior by understanding thought processes Thought processes influence how we understand and interact with the world. How our thoughts are processed, stored, and used Thought patterns drive an Individual’s behavior

  7. BIOLOGICAL APPROACH Psychobiologists study how the brain, nervous system, hormones, and genetics influence our Behavior Genetic factors influence a wide range of human behavior

  8. SOCIO-CULTURAL APPROACH Influence of cultural & ethnic similarities & differences on behavior Stresses ethnicity, gender, culture, & socioeconomic status

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