Foreign and Domestic Policy

1. Foreign and Domestic Policy Defined and Goals of

2. Domestic Policy Defined Domestic policy: • decisions, laws, and programs made by the government which are directly related to issues inside the United States. Sometimes domestic and foreign policies influence each other.

3. Domestic Policy, Continued • In government, domestic policy is the counterpart of foreign policy; it consists of all government policy decisions, programs, and actions that primarily deal with internal matters, as opposed to relations with other nation-states. • Major areas of domestic policy include: • tax policy, social security and welfare programs, environmental laws, and regulations on businesses and their practices.

4. Examples of Domestic Policy IssuesList the 5 you think are most important • Federal Budget • Constitutional Rights • Crime and Drugs • The Economy • Education • Health Care • Immigration • Poverty • Minorities

5. Foreign Policy Defined • Foreign policy: • Policies of the federal government directed to matters beyond (outside) US borders, especially relations with other countries. • International objectives pursued by a country in dealings with other countries, • The methods to achieve the objectives, in order to advance national interests.

6. U.S. Foreign Policy • The U.S. foreign policy is dynamic. • It is always changing and will continue to change as times and world affairs change.

7. Examples of Foreign PolicyList the 5 you think are the most important • Defense • Democracy and Human Rights • Foreign Aid • The Global Environment • International Trade • Weapons Proliferation • Activities in Regions of the World

8. Goals of Foreign Policy • National Security • World Peace • Self- government (democracy) • Free and Open Trade • Concern for Humanity

9. Goal:National Security • To remain free and independent • To be secure from unwanted foreign influence • Includes the use of ambassadors and treaties • Military • CIA • Central Intelligence Agency • FBI • Federal Bureau of Investigations

10. Goal:World Peace • Promote peace and prevent conflicts • Cooperation with governments of foreign nations • Help save lives, money, and resources in foreign nations • Give aid to foreign nations • Membership in The United Nations

11. Goal:Self Government /Democracy • Encourage the growth of democracy in other nations and regions • Fair elections, choices, individual freedoms • Immigration • Defined: To enter and settle in a country or region to which one is not native • Emigration • Defined: Migration from a place

12. Goal:Free Trade • Trade arrangements where tariffs or other barriers to the free flow of goods and services are eliminated. • The basic argument for free trade is based on the idea that each region should concentrate on what it can produce most cheaply and efficiently and should exchange its products for those it is less able to produce economically.

13. What are the Disadvantages and Advantages of Free Trade????

14. Disadvantages of Free Trade: • Small local companies get out maneuvered and overtaken by large corporate companies • Fewer jobs available for some home countries • Example: few jobs available for US auto makers • there is more competition.

15. Advantages of Free Trade • Provides employment around the world • competition creates lower cost of goods • forces countries into specializing in what they are good at • This increased efficiency and results in a lower opportunity costs • Offers access to natural resources around the world • Oil, other

16. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) • A trade agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico, which took effect January 1, 1994. Its purpose is to promote trade between one another and increase the efficiency and fairness of trade between the three nations.

17. Goal:Humanitarian • Defined: Having concern for or helping to improve the welfare of other people. • Helps to provide political stability in other nations. • Examples: • Aid for natural disasters around the world • Aid for food shortages • Aid of medical supplies and technology

18. Foreign Policy Categories • Isolationism • Imperialism • Interventionism

19. Isolationism • Avoidance of international relations: • A government policy based on the belief that national interests are best served by avoiding economic and political alliances with other countries.

20. Interventionism • Involvement in another country’s affairs: • Political interference or military involvement by one country in the affairs of another.

21. Imperialism • Belief in empire-building: • The policy of extending the rule or influence of a country over other countries or colonies. • Domination by an empire: • The political, military, or economic domination of one country over another.

22. Who makes foreign policy in the US? • The President • Article II of the US Constitution • establishes the president as commander-in-chief of the military • gives the president the power to: • make treaties with other countries • appoint ambassadors to other countries and receive ambassadors from other countries • The US Senate • Plays a key role in giving approval to the president to take decided upon actions • Carried out by • Vice President • US Department of State • Secretary of State

23. US Department of State • Sometimes called The State Department • Cabinet-level foreign affairs agency of the US government • Part of the Executive Branch of government • under the president • The lead U.S. foreign affairs agency • The Department advances U.S. objectives and interests in the world through its primary role in developing and implementing the President's foreign policy • Lead by the Secretary of State • the President's principal foreign policy advisor • Currently Condoleezza Rice • 3rd most powerful position in foreign affairs policy matters • 4th in the presidential line of succession

24. Decision MakingPossible actions government might take: • Do nothing * Pres. statement • Call for negotiations * Propaganda • Economic aid * Economic sanctions • Send military materials * Military presence • Military threats * Blockade • Mobilize troops * Subversive action • Use troopsspy • Bombing assassination • Invasionweaken leadership