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HISTORY OF ARCHIVAL AND RECORDS ENTERPRISE

HISTORY OF ARCHIVAL AND RECORDS ENTERPRISE. Epochs in the Development of Archival and Records Enterprise. Antiquity. CHINA. Dang An. Practice. Compiled chronicles. CHINA. Epochs in the Development of Archival and Records Enterprise. Antiquity

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HISTORY OF ARCHIVAL AND RECORDS ENTERPRISE

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  1. HISTORY OF ARCHIVAL AND RECORDS ENTERPRISE 389C.19/History

  2. Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise • Antiquity 389C.19/History

  3. CHINA Dang An 389C.19/History

  4. Practice Compiled chronicles CHINA 389C.19/History

  5. Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise • Antiquity • Development of the Concept of Archives, c. 400 B.C. – c. 500 A.D. 389C.19/History

  6. Αρχείο “Archeion” That which belongs to an office. GREECE 389C.19/History

  7. Practices Deposit gives private documents a public authority Authoritative record was the most public record The Notary GREECE 389C.19/History

  8. ROME Adopted concepts of the Greeks and added concepts of their own. 389C.19/History

  9. Filium Tabula Regesta File Tablet Register ROMETerms 389C.19/History

  10. Practices Registration conveys official status Keeping minutes Emperor destroyed records of predecessor Residencia Regard for provenance ROME 389C.19/History

  11. MEDIA • Papyrus • Wood and wax tablet 389C.19/History

  12. Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise • Antiquity • Development of the Concept of Archives, c. 400 B.C. – c. 500 A.D. • Dormancy, c. 500-1500 389C.19/History

  13. Practices Memory and objects replaced written record as authority Authenticated with wax seal Dormancy 389C.19/History

  14. Term “Clerk” derived from clerics who staff chanceries Dormancy 389C.19/History

  15. Practices and Concepts Records schedule, 800s Case file, c. 1200 Records as property of the office, 1331 Distinguish current from records of long-term value Dormancy 389C.19/History

  16. Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise • Antiquity • Development of the Concept of Archives, c. 400 B.C. – c. 500 A.D. • Dormancy, c. 500-1500 • Re-emergence of Archives, 1500-1789 389C.19/History

  17. RE-EMERGENCE • Establishment of well-defined archives Archivo General de Simancas 389C.19/History

  18. RE-EMERGENCE • Establishment of well-defined archives Archivo General de Simancas • Diplomatics, De Re Diplomatica, 1681 389C.19/History

  19. Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise • Establishment of Modern Archival Practice, 1789-1898 389C.19/History

  20. ESTABLISHMENT OF MODERN ARCHIVAL PRACTICE • Archives Nationales (France), 1794 • Concept of “current” and “historical” • Archives as expression of nationalism 389C.19/History

  21. ESTABLISHMENT OF MODERN ARCHIVAL PRACTICE • Basic principles Respect des fonds Provenance—original order • Ecole des Chartes, 1832 • Dutch manual of practice, 1898 389C.19/History

  22. ESTABLISHMENT OF MODERN ARCHIVAL PRACTICE American contribution • Collecting documents • Printing documents to facilitate use and preservation 389C.19/History

  23. Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise • Establishment of Modern Archival Practice, 1789-1898 • Redefining Archives and Managing Bulk: Archival Administration and Records Management, c. 1900-continuing 389C.19/History

  24. REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK Factors • New Media • Growth of business and government • Spread of literacy 389C.19/History

  25. REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK Growth in Quantity of Records • 1789-1861 = 100,000 cubic feet • 1865-1914 = 500,000 cubic feet • 1930s decade = 3.5 million cubic feet • 1940s per year = 2 million cubic feet • 1960s per year = 4 million cubic feet 389C.19/History

  26. REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK New kinds of records • Memorandum • Chart and Graph • Directive 389C.19/History

  27. REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK New practices and concepts • Defining archives as historical documents • Archival appraisal • Records management 389C.19/History

  28. REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK Records Management • Records Disposal Act, 1943 • General schedule, 1945 • Records Center, 1950 • Developed concepts to promote office efficiency, protection 389C.19/History

  29. REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK Professionalization of records work • Royal Dutch Society of Archivists, 1891 • Society of American Archivists, 1936 • International Council on Archives, 1950 • Association of Records Managers and Administrators, 1955 389C.19/History

  30. Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise • Establishment of Modern Archival Practice, 1789-1898 • Redefining Archives and Managing Bulk: Archival Administration and Records Management, c. 1900-continuing • Age of the Electronic Record, 1980s-continuing 389C.19/History

  31. ELECTRONIC RECORDS AGE • Machine-readable records • Radically new form/media of record 389C.19/History

  32. CONCLUSIONS DEPTH AND EXTENT OF CHANGE • First: Writing as basis of authentic information, c. 1000-c. 1300 • Second: Modern concepts of managing records, 1789-1898 • Third: Electronic record, 1990s- 389C.19/History

  33. CONCLUSIONS FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES • Defining and establishing ownership of “the record” • Authenticity, security, and preservation • Adopting, adapting to, and controlling records in new media 389C.19/History

  34. CONCLUSIONS FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES • Role of archives in society • Uses of the term “archives” • Managing yet increasing volume of records • Role of the archivist/records administrator 389C.19/History

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