1 / 22

Neurotransmitters: Catecholamines & Acetylcholine Chapters 5 & 6

Neurotransmitters: Catecholamines & Acetylcholine Chapters 5 & 6. Catecholamines Dopamine Norepinephrine Epinephrine Acetylcholine Serotonin Glutamate GABA. Neurotransmitter Families. Neurotransmitters. Structural features of catecholamines. Synthesis of Catecholamines .

milagro
Download Presentation

Neurotransmitters: Catecholamines & Acetylcholine Chapters 5 & 6

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Neurotransmitters:Catecholamines & AcetylcholineChapters 5 & 6 • Catecholamines • Dopamine • Norepinephrine • Epinephrine • Acetylcholine • Serotonin • Glutamate • GABA

  2. Neurotransmitter Families Neurotransmitters

  3. Structural features of catecholamines

  4. Synthesis of Catecholamines “rate-limiting enzyme”

  5. CatecholeminesSome adjectives • Dopamine (DA) • “dopaminergic” • Norepinephrine (NE) • “noradrenergic” • Epinephrine (EPI) • “adrenergic”

  6. Storage of Catecholaminesvesicular monoamine transporter protein (VMAT2)

  7. Behavioral effects of reserpine http://home.caregroup.org/clinical/altmed/interactions/Images/Herbs/rauwolfi.gif

  8. Dopamine Systems in the Brain • Mesolimbic pathway • Reinforcement • Mesocortical pathway • Planning • Nigrostriatal pathway • Movement

  9. Parkinson’s Disease: Damage to the substantia nigra http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/neuroslides/slides/slide199.jpg

  10. Causes of Parkinson’s Disease • Degeneration of substantia nigra • Less dopaminergic activity in basal ganglia • Discovery of MPPP  MPTP and MPP+

  11. A typical dopaminergic neuron

  12. D1 and D2 receptors

  13. Norepinephrine http://homepage.psy.utexas.edu/homepage/class/Psy301/Salinas/sec2/Brain/31.GIF

  14. Role of the locus coeruleus in vigilance

  15. Functions of Acetylcholine (ACh) • Neuromuscular junction (movement) • Central nervous system (learning and memory)

  16. Acetylcholine Receptors • Nicotinic receptors • Neuromuscular junctions • Ionotropic (ion channel) • Curare works on these receptors • Muscarinic receptors • Metatropic (second messengers) • Hippocampus, striatum • Morphine • Also located in heart and smooth muscles • Nightshade

  17. Serotonin (5-HT) • Mood • Appetite • Sleep

  18. Features of a serotonergic neuron

  19. Glutamate • Is an amino acid • Made from breakdown of glucose • Used for: • Making other proteins • Metabolism (energy) • Excitatory neurotransmitter

  20. Glutamate • Excitotoxicity • Excessive exposure to glutamate which leads to cell damage or cell death • Examples: • Domoic acid • Strokes

  21. GABA • GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system. • The GABAA receptor interacts with a number of drugs.

  22. Why is Inhibition Important? • Tetanospasmin (tetanus toxin) hitches a ride to the central nervous system from a wound site using the retrograde transport system within axons. • The toxin binds to receptor sites for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA),and can’t be dislodged. • Without normal inhibitory input from GABA, muscles begin to go into sudden, involuntary contractions, or spasms.

More Related