Elements

1. Elements Pg 204-208

2. Elements • Element: is a group of atoms that have the same number of protons • The number of protons is something unique and therefore a characteristic property • The number of neutrons can differ for each element • The number of electrons also differ from each element

3. Elements cont. • Hydrogen is the simplest element • It only has 1 proton and 1 electron • It is also the lightest element

4. Periodic Table • Periodic Table: It is an organization method for all of the elements • The elements are numerically and in an ascending order based on their number of electrons • The elements in the first column(family or group) have the same properties and the same electrons on the last ring • The elements in the first row (period) have the same number of rings

5. Families • Each of the columns are a family (they all have names) • Each of the elements are placed in their family based on their Valence # and characteristic properties • There are 8 important families

6. Periodic Table cont. • Elements can be found in all three states in the periodic table • Solid • Liquid • Gas • Many periodic tables use colour coding to help you see the difference • In your textbook Solid = black, liquid = blue, gas = red

7. Periodic Table cont. • Staircase in the Table: the line that divides metals and non-metals • Metals : to the left of the staircase • Non-metals: to the right of the staircase • Metalloids: on the staircase • 6 total (in green in your textbook)

8. Periodic Table cont. • Vocabulary words • Atomic number (equal to the # of protons and electrons) • Chemical symbol • Name of element • You will need to know the first 20 elements plus: • Fe, Ni, Cu, Br, Ag, Sn, I, Au, Hg, U • Tin, Nickel, Copper, Bromine, Silver, Tin, Iodine, Gold, Mercury, Uranium

9. How to draw your Element • By using the Atomic #, family/groupand period you can draw your element • Oxygen • Atomic # = 8 • Family = 6 • Period = 2 • 8 electrons • 6 electrons on the last ring • 2 rings total