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James Cook. First to conduct scientific oceanography Accurate, thorough complete descriptions Took samples of marine life, plants & animals, ocean floor & geologic formations Reported the information in log books & journals Charts accurate enough to be used by Allies in WWII
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James Cook • First to conduct scientific oceanography • Accurate, thorough complete descriptions • Took samples of marine life, plants & animals, ocean floor & geologic formations • Reported the information in log books & journals • Charts accurate enough to be used by Allies in WWII • 1768 – left with scientists • Primary goal to assert British influence in South Pacific • Observed transit of Venus across Sun • Charted New Zealand, mapped Great Barrier Reef, mapped small islands, made noted on natural history, initiated friendly relations with natives
James Cook • 1772 - 2nd voyage • Charted Tonga & Easter Islands • Discovered New Caledonia & South Georgia • First to circumnavigate globe at high latitudes
James Cook • 1776 – 3rd voyage • Looking for NW passage around Canada & Alaska or NE passage above Siberia • Found Hawaiian Islands • Charted West coast of North America
Cook’s Characteristics • Intelligent • Patient • Writer • Navigator • Artist • Sailor • Dietitian