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LWB Refractories Quarry – York, PA Facing West

LWB Refractories Quarry – York, PA Facing West. LWB Refractories Quarry – Unit Exposures. Triassic fanglomerate. Approximate trend of shelf margin rim (E-W). “white marble”. western patch reef. Kinzers Fm. LWB Refractories Quarry – York, PA Facing West.

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LWB Refractories Quarry – York, PA Facing West

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  1. LWB Refractories Quarry – York, PAFacing West

  2. LWB Refractories Quarry – Unit Exposures Triassic fanglomerate Approximate trend of shelf margin rim (E-W) “white marble” western patch reef Kinzers Fm.

  3. LWB Refractories Quarry – York, PAFacing West

  4. LWB Refractories Quarry – “White Marble” and Triassic Fanglomerate Triassic fanglomerate “white marble”

  5. LWB Refractories Quarry – Northern BenchesFacing Northwest

  6. LWB Refractories Quarry – OverburdenFacing East

  7. LWB Refractories Quarry – Polished Microbialite Reef Facies

  8. LWB Refractories Quarry – Polished Microbialite Reef Facies

  9. LWB Refractories Quarry – Microbialite Reef Facies Karst Pinnacles in East Patch Reef

  10. LWB Refractories Quarry – Submarine Cavity Filling Cements and Gas Escape Structure in East Patch Reef

  11. LWB Refractories Quarry – Submarine Cavity Filling Cements and Gas Escape Structure in East Patch Reef Gas escape structure Void filling radiaxial and herringbone calcite

  12. LWB Refractories Quarry – Submarine Cavity Filling Cements and Gas Escape Structure in East Patch Reef(Comparison with Polished Slab)

  13. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef

  14. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Note Lighter Colored Band of Void Filling Radiaxial and Herringbone Calcite

  15. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Note Lighter Colored Band of Void Filling Radiaxial and Herringbone Calcite Band of calcite cement

  16. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Note Calcified Algae and/or Bacteria/Cyanobacteria Shrub Above Calcite Filled Void

  17. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Note Calcified Algae and/or Bacteria/Cyanobacteria Shrub Above Calcite Filled Void Microbial Shrub

  18. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Close-up of Radiaxial and Herringbone Calcite Cement with Grainstone Layer at Base and Enclosure of Microbial Growth

  19. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Close-up of Radiaxial and Herringbone Calcite Cement (Blue) with Grainstone Layer at Base (Purple) and Enclosure of Microbial Growth (Green)

  20. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Fracture Filled with Secondary Bladed Calcite Crystals

  21. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Grainstone Layer

  22. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Grainstone Layer Grainstone Layer

  23. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Close-up of Radiaxial and Herringbone Calcite Cement Layer Enclosed by Microbialite

  24. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Cross Bedded Grainstone Strata

  25. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef Cross Bedded Grainstone Strata

  26. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef

  27. LWB Refractories Quarry – In-Situ Pinnacle in East Patch Reef More Calcite Cement and a Gas Escape Structure

  28. LWB Refractories Quarry – Triassic Fanglomerate Exposed Along Quarry Floor Facing South

  29. LWB Refractories Quarry – Triassic Fanglomerate Exposed Along Quarry Floor Facing South

  30. LWB Refractories Quarry – Triassic Fanglomerate

  31. LWB Refractories Quarry – Triassic Fanglomerate Facing North

  32. LWB Refractories Quarry – Fault Contact Between Cambrian Ledger Fm. And Triassic Fanglomerate Facing North

  33. LWB Refractories Quarry – Fault Contact Between Cambrian Ledger Fm. And Triassic Fanglomerate Facing North Cambrian Ledger Fm. Triassic Fanglomerate

  34. LWB Refractories Quarry – Triassic Fanglomerate Note Coarse Dolomite and Limestone Clasts in Fine Hematitic Matrix

  35. LWB Refractories Quarry – Fault Contact Between West Patch Reef and Ooid Shoal Facies Facing South

  36. LWB Refractories Quarry – Fault Contact Between West Patch Reef and Ooid Shoal Facies Facing South Ooid Shoal Facies West Patch Reef Facies

  37. LWB Refractories Quarry – Fault Contact Between Triassic Fanglomerate and Cambrian Ooid Shoal Facies Facing South

  38. LWB Refractories Quarry – Fault Contact Between Triassic Fanglomerate and Cambrian Ooid Shoal Facies Facing South Triassic Fanglomerate Cambrian Ooid Shoal Facies

  39. LWB Refractories Quarry – Void Filling Radiaxial and Herringbone Calcite Cement and Gas Escape Structure Block from West Patch Reef Removed During Blasting; Scale Blocks in Centimeters

  40. LWB Refractories Quarry – Close-Up of Void Filling Radiaxial and Herringbone Calcite Cement and Gas Escape Structure Block from West Patch Reef Removed During Blasting

  41. LWB Refractories Quarry – Close-Up of Void Filling Radiaxial and Herringbone Calcite Cement (Blue-Shaded Area) and Gas Escape Structure (Yellow Circle)Block from West Patch Reef Removed During Blasting

  42. LWB Refractories Quarry – Close-Up Grainstone Layer Block from West Patch Reef Removed During Blasting

  43. LWB Refractories Quarry – View of Ooid Shoal Facies from Quarry Floor Facing South

  44. LWB Refractories Quarry – View of Ooid Shoal Facies from Quarry Floor Facing North; Note Red Hematitic Weathering Products

  45. LWB Refractories Quarry – View of Kinzers Formation Exposure Along North Quarry Wall

  46. LWB Refractories Quarry – View of Kinzers Formation Exposure Along North Quarry Wall Kinzers Formation

  47. LWB Refractories Quarry – An Amateur Film on High Energy Depositional Systems Double-Click Blue Screen to Play

  48. de Wet, C.B. and Dave Hopkins. “Pre-conference Field Trip: Ooid Shoals, Microbialite Reefs and Shoal Shoreface Sands, The Ledger Formation, LWB Refractories Site, York County Pennsylvania.” 73rd Annual Field Conference of Pennsylvania Geologists. September 25, 2008. 1-26.de Wet, C.B., H.M. Frey, S.B. Gaswirth, C.I. Mora, M. Rahnis, and C.R. Bruno. “Origin of Meter-scale Submarine Cavities and Herringbone Calcite in a Cambrian Microbial Reef, Ledger Formation, (U.S.A.).” Journal of Sedimentary Research. 2004. 74: 914-923.Skinner, Ethan S. “Taphonomy and Depositional Circumstances of Exceptionally Preserved Fossils from the Kinzers Formation (Cambrian), Southeastern Pennsylvania.” Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2005. 220: 167-192. Smoot, Joseph P. “Chapter 12A: Early Mesozoic – Sedimentary Rocks.” The Geology of Pennsylvania, edited by Charles H. Schultz. Harrisburg and Pittsburgh: Pennsylvania Geological Survey and Pittsburgh Geological Society. 1999. 180-201.http://www.fandm.edu/x12035.xml References and Additional Information

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