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LESSON SIX

LESSON SIX. Language Varieties Genre. Language Varieties. Subject area (literary, technical, etc.) Function (narrative, argumentative, etc.) Sociolinguistic (dialect, sociolect, etc.). Literary Texts. A literary text ‘declares its distance’

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LESSON SIX

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  1. LESSON SIX Language Varieties Genre

  2. Language Varieties • Subject area (literary, technical, etc.) • Function (narrative, argumentative, etc.) • Sociolinguistic (dialect, sociolect, etc.)

  3. Literary Texts • A literary text ‘declares its distance’ • (figures of speech, original language, non-casual language, etc.) • Lack of intertextuality

  4. Example • Night’s candles are burnt out and jocund day stands tiptoe on the misty mountain top.

  5. Technical-scientific Texts • Written language • Particular lexis and grammar • Nominalisation • Lexically dense

  6. Example • In a right-angled triangle, the square on the hypoteneuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides.

  7. Legal/Commercial Texts • Legal – flawless, archaic, repetitive • Commercial - stylised

  8. Example • Policy of the Community • Rules on Competition • The following shall be prohibited as incompatible with the common market: all agreements between undertakings, decisions by associations of undertakings and concerted practices between Member States and which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition within the common market .…,

  9. Example • Dear Mr. Smith, • We are pleased to advise you of our air parcel post shipment of your order no. 80/190-09 for Westman spare parts • ……… • We look forward to hearing from you. • Yours sincerely

  10. Advertising Texts • Persuasive • Expressive • Spoken language written • Particular lexis and grammar

  11. Example BEANZ MEANZ HEINZ

  12. Journalistic Texts • Particular language use in • headlines • reports • editorials • Cf. quality and tabloid newspapers

  13. Example • Tyson faces prison sentence for rape • Beaten by the Belle • Yesterday in Baghdad, a suicide bomber attacked… • It is our firm conviction that the situation in Iraq…

  14. Function - Narrative Linear flow Introduction – setting – complication – solution - ending

  15. Function - Argumentative Introduction – body – conclusion argument for arguments for argument against argument for arguments against etc.

  16. Sociolinguistic Dialect “there’s nowt so queer as folk” Sociolect dinner vs. lunch Nationlect elevator vs. lift New Zealanders use ‘going to’ three times more than the British

  17. GENRE • Genre • sub-genre • Genrelet • Identified by configurations of obligatory elements (+ optional elements) • We recognise genres through intertextuality – we’ve seen them before. • Eg. Emergency telephone call

  18. Genre • Recipes (books, Internet, TV) • Obligatory elements • Food lexis • Imperatives • Instructions

  19. Sub-genre • Indian recipes • Obligatory elements Spices vocabulary Indian terminology (tandoori, poppadom)

  20. genrelet • Phone-in Indian recipes • Obligatory elements • Conventional phone exchange (Hello, Thankyou for calling, etc.) • Food lexis….

  21. Discourse communities • David Johnson • student rugby player boyfriend son

  22. Genre: register/context • Registers emerged to fulfil specific purposes and are recognised as such in context: STOP CHILDREN CROSSING

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