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K.F. MANYIKA, DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENT, VICE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE, P.O. Box 5380 DAR ES SALAAM

BARRIERS AND OPPORTUNITIES TO TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER “ A CASE OF BARRIERS TO SOLAR PV TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN MWANZA, TANZANIA” Workshop on enabling environments for technology transfer, 9-10 April, 2003, Ghent, Belgium. K.F. MANYIKA, DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENT, VICE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE,

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K.F. MANYIKA, DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENT, VICE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE, P.O. Box 5380 DAR ES SALAAM

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  1. BARRIERS AND OPPORTUNITIES TO TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER“A CASE OF BARRIERS TO SOLAR PV TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN MWANZA, TANZANIA” Workshop on enabling environments for technology transfer, 9-10 April, 2003, Ghent, Belgium K.F. MANYIKA, DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENT, VICE PRESIDENT’S OFFICE, P.O. Box 5380 DAR ES SALAAM TANZANIA Emails: Freddy_Manyika@yahoo.com kmanyika@vpdoe.go.tz

  2. Organization of the presentation • 1. Introduction • 2. Identification of barriers • 3. Types of Identified Barriers • 3. Proposed Means of removing barriers • 4. Conclusion/recommendation

  3. INTRODUCTION • Tanzania has a population of about 34.56 millions • Less than 10% of the population has access to grid electricity services. • About 75% of the population live in rural areas with only 1% having access to electricity services (i.e.99% of the population in rural areas has no access to electricity)

  4. INTRODUCTION (Contd..) • Grid electrification in TZ is undertaken by the Ministry of Energy and Minerals through TANESCO. Tanesco is under restructuring towards privatization in 2004 • Privatization of TANESCO might further slow down the rural electrification plans

  5. INTRODUCTION (Contd..) • Most rural people use kerosene lamps for lighting • Kerosene use in the rural areas ranges from 60-120 litres per household/ year • Substitution of kerosene use with electricity would reduce between 130 to 267 kg of CO2 per solar home system per year

  6. INTRODUCTION (Contd..) • Solar PV technology is a financially and economically viable option for off-grid electrification in Tanzania • Mwanza region has an average solar regime of about 5.5 kWh/m2/day • Introduction of solar PV systems in Mwanza will eliminate about 2.5 million litres of kerosene used annually

  7. INTRODUCTION (Contd..) • Solar PV installation rate is very low (Only 0.5MWp has been installed in Tanzania, out of 40 MWp solar installed in developing countries). • There are practical barriers to effective deployment and diffusion of Solar PV Technologies in Tanzania

  8. IDENTIFICATION OF BARRIERS • Different initiatives (Government /donor ) has been undertaken to promote use of solar PV technology in Tanzania. • In Feb.2001, a PDF-B project on Solar PV Market Transformation in Tanzania was approved by GEF • The objectives of the project were:- • review the status of the rural market for PV technology

  9. IDENTIFICATION OF BARRIERS (contd..) • Identify barriers so as to boost PV market, especially in rural communities located off-grid • A survey was undertaken through PRA to identify the issues that pose barriers to PV solar penetration in Mwanza, Tanzania.

  10. IDENTIFIED BARRIERS

  11. IDENTIFIED BARRIERS (contd..):-

  12. Proposed Means of removing barriers • Increase understanding of solar PV technology to the large community (via TV/radio programs, personal networks, performing arts, demonstrations and exhibitions) • Link Solar PV distribution network with other existing distribution networks, e.g. Petrol station, rural MFI etc

  13. Proposed Means of removing barriers(contd..) • Build business knowledge and capacity for Distribution of solar PV systems (training, promotion, trade fair, etc.) • Reduce tax (e.g. VAT) and import duty • Stimulate local manufacturing of components and assembling

  14. Proposed Means of removing barriers (contd..) • Link installation of PV systems with poverty alleviation projects • Subsidize promotion of solar technology by linking it with the social sectors

  15. Proposed Means of removing barriers (contd..) • Encourage financiers to advertise and disseminate information on opportunities of Solar PV financing so as to raise awareness of existing financing opportunities • Develop policy implementation strategies

  16. Proposed Means of removing barriers (contd..) • Formulate/revise policies to support solar PV • Enact appropriate legislation on solar PV systems • Develop and enforce standards on solar PV systems

  17. CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATIONS • GOVERNMENT SUPPORT IS A KEY COMPONENT TOWARDS CREATION OF ENABLING ENVIRONMENTS FOR ANY SUCCESSFUL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER • TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES NEEDS SPECIAL FINACIAL SUPPORT

  18. THE END -THANK YOU-

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