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Democratic Developments in England

Democratic Developments in England. Section 1.5. Objective. To understand how England transition from feudalism to a constitutional monarchy. I. Growth of Royal Power. During the middle ages: Feudalism- a loosely organized system of gov . among greater and lesser lords

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Democratic Developments in England

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  1. Democratic Developments in England Section 1.5

  2. Objective • To understand how England transition from feudalism to a constitutional monarchy

  3. I. Growth of Royal Power During the middle ages: • Feudalism- a loosely organized system of gov. among greater and lesser lords • William the Conqueror- took over England in 1066, made all lord swear fealty directly to him • Census and efficient tax collecting system increase royal wealth and authority. Feudalism

  4. I. Growth of Royal Power • Henry II-expanded legal system • common law- a legal system based on custom and previous court decisions • Standardized crimes and punishments. • Jury trials Henry II

  5. II. Evolving Traditionsof Government • 1215 King John abused his power and nobles revolted and made him sign the Magna Carta • Magna Carta: document that makes rule of law a key principle of government, nobles had certain rights • Magna Carta

  6. II. Evolving Traditions of Government • The “Great Council” evolves into Parliament- England’s Legislature • Parliament wins the right to approve new taxes, which limits the power of the king. Houses of Parliament, London, England

  7. III. The Royal Challenge • James I • Religious intolerance • Ruled with absolute authority • Ignored parliament • Charles I • Imprisoned foes w/o trial • Forced to summon parliament to raise taxes • Parliament forces him to sign the petition of rights, which he later ignores Charles I

  8. IV. Triumph of Parliament • Parliamentrevolts against Charles I. • Oliver Cromwell’s (Parliament’s) army defeats the king’s troops in the English Civil War.

  9. IV. Triumph of Parliament • Parliament abolishes (gets rid of) the monarchy, and Parliament declares England a republic, known as the “Commonwealth” • Cromwell become a dictator Oliver Cromwell

  10. V. Glorious Revolution • After Cromwell (and some other stuff) the Parliament invited William and Mary of Orange to come take the throne • They had to sign the English Bill of Rights before taking the throne. • RESULT: Parliament was now more powerful than the King William and Mary

  11. 1.5 Questions • 1. What new practices did strong monarchs introduce in England? • 2.How did the English Parliament limit the power of the monarch before the civil war? • 3.Who was Oliver Cromwell? How does he compare to Charles I? • 4. What three important documents in this section? Describe each.

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